Aging in neighborhoods differing in walkability and income: associations with physical activity and obesity in older adults.
Aging in neighborhoods differing in walkability and income: associations with physical activity and obesity in older adults.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.08.032
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发表时间：
2011-11
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Kerr, Jacqueline
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
King, Abby C.;Sallis, James F.;Frank, Lawrence D.;Saelens, Brian E.;Cain, Kelli;Conway, Terry L.;Chapman, James E.;Ahn, David K.;Kerr, Jacqueline
关键词：
虽然有越来越多的文献邻里设计和健康因素之间的关系，如体育活动和肥胖，较少关注老年人，谁可能特别容易受到环境的影响。本研究评估了客观测量的社区设计，行动障碍，身体活动和体重之间的关系，在两个美国地区的社区居住的老年人居住在不同的步行能力和收入水平的社区样本。在2005 - 2008年期间采用了一种观察性设计，包括两个间隔6个月的时间点。西雅图-金县、华盛顿和巴尔的摩的美国人口普查街区组。马里兰州-华盛顿特区地区是通过地理信息系统选择的，以最大限度地提高步行能力和收入的变化。参与者是719名66岁及以上的成年人，他们能够用英语完成调查，并连续行走至少10英尺。测量包括报告的步行或骑自行车跑腿（即，交通活动）和其他户外有氧活动通过CHAMPS问卷测量：基于加速度计的中度至剧烈体力活动;报告的体重指数;和报告的下肢运动障碍通过晚年功能和残疾仪器测量。在不同地区、不同时间和不同社区收入的人群中，生活在步行能力更强的社区的老年人比生活在步行能力较弱的社区的老年人有更多的交通活动和中等至剧烈的身体活动，体重指数也更低。生活在更适合步行的社区的行动不便的成年人报告的交通活动水平与生活在不太适合步行的社区的行动不便的成年人相似。这些结果补充了旨在了解社区设计如何影响身体活动以及与人们年龄相关的日常功能和独立性相关的健康方面的小型文献。
While there is a growing literature on the relations between neighborhood design and health factors such as physical activity and obesity, less focus has been placed on older adults, who may be particularly vulnerable to environmental influences. This study evaluates the relations among objectively measured neighborhood design, mobility impairment, and physical activity and body weight in two U.S. regional samples of community dwelling older adults living in neighborhoods differing in walkability and income levels. An observational design involving two time points six months apart was employed between 2005–2008. U.S. Census block groups in Seattle-King County, Washington and Baltimore. Maryland-Washington DC regions were selected via geographic information systems to maximize variability in walkability and income. Participants were 719 adults ages 66 years and older who were able to complete surveys in English and walk at least 10 feet continuously. Measurements included reported walking or bicycling for errands (i.e., transport activity) and other outdoor aerobic activities measured via the CHAMPS questionnaire: accelerometry-based moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; reported body mass index; and reported lower-extremity mobility impairment measured via the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument. Across regions, time, and neighborhood income, older adults living in more walkable neighborhoods had more transport activity and moderate-to- vigorous physical activity and lower body mass index relative to those living in less walkable neighborhoods. The most mobility-impaired adults living in more walkable neighborhoods reported transport activity levels that were similar to less mobility-impaired adults living in less walkable neighborhoods. The results add to the small literature aimed at understanding how neighborhood design may influence physical activity and related aspects of health linked with day-to-day function and independence as people age.
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DOI：
10.1097/00005768-199805000-00021
发表时间：
1998-05-01
期刊：
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Freedson, PS;Melanson, E;Sirard, J
通讯作者：
Sirard, J
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Clarke, P;George, LK
通讯作者：
George, LK
影响因子：
5
作者：
Hagstromer, Maria;Troiano, Richard P.;Berrigan, David
通讯作者：
Berrigan, David
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Kligerman, Morton;Sallis, James F.;Nader, Philip R.
通讯作者：
Nader, Philip R.
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Carr, David B.;Ott, Brian R.
通讯作者：
Ott, Brian R.