Group testing as a strategy for COVID-19 epidemiological monitoring and community surveillance.
Group testing as a strategy for COVID-19 epidemiological monitoring and community surveillance.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008726
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发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Rupprecht JF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brault V;Mallein B;Rupprecht JF
我们提出了样本池法在COVID-19流行病学监测中的分析和应用。我们首先介绍了用于检测样本中病毒存在的RT-qPCR过程模型，并在大规模临床数据集的启发下构建了典型感染个体病毒载量的统计模型。我们提出了群体检测在封闭联系社区预防流行病爆发中的应用。然后，我们提出了一种方法来衡量患病率的人群考虑到增加的假阴性与组测试方法相关的数量。样本池包括将来自多个个体的样本组合到一个单独的池中，然后使用独特的测试试剂盒进行测试。检测呈阳性意味着池子里至少有一个人被感染了。样本汇集可以为快速和大规模检测无症状个体中是否存在SARS-CoV2提供手段。在这里，我们不处理任何诊断问题，例如：如何使用最少数量的测试来获得个体诊断——而不是关注人群规模的池化应用。我们首先量化了由于样本稀释而导致的测试灵敏度降低，并量化了大型池在以下方面的效率：(1)以较低的成本准确估计一般人群中受感染个体的比例；(2)在社区（如养老院或大学校园）内实施有利于早期发现流行病爆发的定期大规模筛查。
We propose an analysis and applications of sample pooling to the epidemiologic monitoring of COVID-19. We first introduce a model of the RT-qPCR process used to test for the presence of virus in a sample and construct a statistical model for the viral load in a typical infected individual inspired by large-scale clinical datasets. We present an application of group testing for the prevention of epidemic outbreak in closed connected communities. We then propose a method for the measure of the prevalence in a population taking into account the increased number of false negatives associated with the group testing method. Sample pooling consists in combining samples from multiple individuals into a single pool that is then tested using a unique test-kit. A positive test means that at least one individual within the pool is infected. Sample pooling could provide the means for rapid and massive testing for the presence of SARS-CoV2 among asymptomatic individuals. Here, we do not address any diagnostic problems—e.g. how to use a minimal number of tests to obtain an individual diagnostic—but rather focus on population-scale application of pooling. We first quantify the reduction of test sensitivity due to sample dilution and quantify the efficiency of large pools in (i) obtaining precise estimates of the proportion of infected individuals in the general population at reduced costs and (ii) implementing regular large-scale screenings beneficial in the early detection of epidemic outbreaks within communities (e.g. nursing homes or university campuses).
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影响因子：
17.1
作者：
Cleary B;Hay JA;Blumenstiel B;Harden M;Cipicchio M;Bezney J;Simonton B;Hong D;Senghore M;Sesay AK;Gabriel S;Regev A;Mina MJ
通讯作者：
Mina MJ
DOI：
10.1561/0100000099
发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Aldridge, Matthew;Johnson, Oliver;Scarlett, Jonathan
通讯作者：
Scarlett, Jonathan
DOI：
10.3138/jammi-2020-0030
发表时间：
2020-12-01
期刊：
Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada
影响因子：
--
作者：
Byambasuren, Oyungerel;Cardona, Magnolia;Glasziou, Paul
通讯作者：
Glasziou, Paul
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Chong BSW;Tran T;Druce J;Ballard SA;Simpson JA;Catton M
通讯作者：
Catton M
DOI：
10.15585/mmwr.mm6946e1
发表时间：
2020-11-20
期刊：
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
影响因子：
--
作者：
Denny TN;Andrews L;Bonsignori M;Cavanaugh K;Datto MB;Deckard A;DeMarco CT;DeNaeyer N;Epling CA;Gurley T;Haase SB;Hallberg C;Harer J;Kneifel CL;Lee MJ;Louzao R;Moody MA;Moore Z;Polage CR;Puglin J;Spotts PH;Vaughn JA;Wolfe CR
通讯作者：
Wolfe CR