Conscious and unconscious memory and eye movements in context-guided visual search: A computational and experimental reassessment of Ramey, Yonelinas, and Henderson (2019).
Conscious and unconscious memory and eye movements in context-guided visual search: A computational and experimental reassessment of Ramey, Yonelinas, and Henderson (2019).
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上下文引导视觉搜索中的有意识和无意识记忆和眼球运动：对 Ramey、Yonelinas 和 Henderson（2019）的计算和实验重新评估。
DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105539
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Lee DYH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee DYH
在熟悉的场景中，眼球运动是否会无意识地指向目标位置？在最近的一项眼球追踪研究中，Ramey、Yonelinas和Henderson（2019）测量了参与者在重复和新场景中搜索目标时的眼球运动效率（扫描路径比率）和记忆判断。当选择高置信度的新试验时，旧场景（遗漏）的扫描路径比率低于新场景（正确拒绝）。此外，以识别置信度衡量的熟悉度对扫描路径比无显著预测作用。Ramey等人将这些结果归因于无意识学习引导眼球运动。在对Ramey等人的数据的重新评估中，我们发现他们的发现可以用一个单系统计算模型来解释，在这个模型中，眼球运动和记忆判断是由一个共同的潜在记忆表征驱动的。特别是，(a)高置信度缺失和正确拒绝之间的扫描路径比率差异是回归均值的结果，而(b)熟悉度和扫描路径比率之间的零相关，部分是扫描路径比率测量的低可靠性的自然结果，也被模型再现。两个预注册实验证实了一个新的预测替代单系统模型。这项工作对Ramey等人的发现提供了一个简洁的描述，没有求助于无意识的眼球运动指导。
Are eye movements unconsciously guided towards target locations in familiar scenes? In a recent eyetracking study, Ramey, Yonelinas, and Henderson (2019) measured eye-movement efficiency (scanpath ratio) and memory judgments when participants searched for targets in repeated and novel scenes. When trials judged new with high confidence were selected, scanpath ratio was lower for old scenes (misses) than for new scenes (correct rejections). In addition, familiarity as measured by recognition confidence did not significantly predict scanpath ratio. Ramey et al. attributed these results to unconscious learning guiding eye movements. In a re-assessment of Ramey et al.’s data, we show that their findings can be accounted for by a single-system computational model in which eye movements and memory judgments are driven by a common latent memory representation. In particular, (a) the scanpath ratio difference between high-confidence misses and correct rejections is a consequence of regression to the mean, while (b) the null correlation between familiarity and scanpath ratio, partly a natural consequence of the low reliability of the scanpath ratio measure, is also reproduced by the model. Two pre-registered experiments confirm a novel prediction of the alternative single-system model. This work offers a parsimonious account of Ramey et al.’s findings without recourse to unconscious guidance of eye movements.