Analysis of drug residue in needle-exchange syringes in Washington, DC
Analysis of drug residue in needle-exchange syringes in Washington, DC
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DOI：
10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.111083
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发表时间：
2021-11-03
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Short, Luke C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Evans, Alexandra;Krause, Michael;Short, Luke C.
在华盛顿特区，首次对使用过的针头交换注射器的药物残留进行了分析。这一分析是一个更大的倡议的一部分，该倡议旨在了解哥伦比亚特区的非法药物供应及其静脉注射(IV)使用者的消费趋势，因为我国面临阿片类药物的流行。这项研究的目标是开发一个更全面的监测计划，除了提供对检测到的药物的初步观察外，还提供公共卫生组织所需的实时分析。在九个月的时间里，总共对1187个注射器进行了分析。其中，732支注射器(61.7%)被确认含有受控危险物质(CDS)。在490支注射器中检出芬太尼，分析了所有注射器中最常见的CDS。海洛因是第二大被发现的CDS，在192支注射器中被观察到。检出第三多的CDS是可卡因，在132支注射器中检出；其次是第四多检出的CDS，甲基苯丙胺，在82支注射器中检出。这项研究的新发现包括首次报道在华盛顿特区使用过的注射器中检测到甲基苯丙胺、合成卡西诺酮和合成大麻素。97个不含CDS的注射器含有感兴趣的非受控物质，如苯海拉明、赛拉津和依替唑仑。这项研究的一个局限性是，该方法不能确定注射器中存在的混合物是否源于注射前存在的混合物、背靠背使用或共用针头。这项初步研究说明了监测毒品趋势的力度，并可在未来用于检测新出现的危险物质。爱思唯尔出版公司(Elsevier B.V.)
For the first time in Washington, D.C., an analysis of drug residue from used needle-exchange syringes has been performed. This analysis is part of a larger initiative to understand the District of Columbia's illicit drug supply and its intravenous (IV) user's consumption trends as our nation faces the opioid epidemic. The goal of this study is to develop a more comprehensive monitoring program that provides real-time analysis necessary for public health organizations, in addition to providing initial observations of drugs detected. A total of 1187 syringes were analyzed over a period of nine months. Of these, 732 syringes (61.7%) were confirmed to contain a controlled dangerous substance (CDS). Fentanyl was detected in 490 syringes, the most observed CDS in all syringes analyzed. Heroin was the second most detected CDS, observed in 192 syringes. The third most detected CDS was cocaine, which was observed in 132 syringes, followed by the fourth most detected CDS, methamphetamine, observed in 82 syringes. Novel findings of this study include the first reported detections of methamphetamine, synthetic cathinones, and synthetic cannabinoids in used syringes in D.C. Ninety-seven syringes that contained no CDS contained a non-controlled substance of interest, such as diphenhydramine, xylazine, and etizolam. One limitation of this study is that this method cannot determine whether mixtures present in syringes stem from mixtures present prior to injection, back-to-back usage, or sharing of needles. This preliminary study illustrates the strength of surveillance to monitor drug trends and can be used to detect emerging novel dangerous substances in the future. Published by Elsevier B.V.