Essential closed surfaces in bounded 3-manifolds

Essential closed surfaces in bounded 3-manifolds
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有界 3 流形中的基本闭曲面

DOI:
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发表时间:
1997
期刊:
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
A. Reid
A. Reid
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
D. Cooper;D. Long;A. Reid

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一个可以追溯到 Waldhausen [10] 并由 Thurston 在各种上下文中讨论过的问题(参见 [9])是具有无限基本群的不可约 3-流形必须在多大程度上包含表面群的问题。为了准确地陈述我们的结果,可以很方便地定义一个封闭的、可定向的连通曲面 S 的映射 i: S 9<M,如果它在基本群的水平上是单射的,并且群 i*rr1 (S) 不能共轭成 -rr(M) 的子群 7rr(coM),其中 &oM 是 OM 的一个分量,那么它是必要的。后一个条件等价于表面S的图像不能自由同伦到OM中的陈述。本文的主要结果之一如下:
A question dating back to Waldhausen [10] and discussed in various contexts by Thurston (see [9]) is the problem of the extent to which irreducible 3-manifolds with infinite fundamental group must contain surface groups. To state our results precisely, it is convenient to make the definition that a map i: S 9<M of a closed, orientable connected surface S is essential if it is injective at the level of fundamental groups and the group i*rr1 (S) cannot be conjugated into a subgroup 7rr(coM) of -rr(M), where &oM is a component of OM. This latter condition is equivalent to the statement that the image of the surface S cannot be freely homotoped into OM. One of the main results of this paper is the following: