Effects of melatonin administration on daytime sleep after simulated night shift work
Effects of melatonin administration on daytime sleep after simulated night shift work
复制标题
DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2869.2001.00256.x
复制
发表时间：
2001-09-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Eastman, CI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sharkey, KM;Fogg, LF;Eastman, CI
睡眠障碍和工作中嗜睡是夜班工人普遍存在的问题。松果体激素褪黑激素可能被证明是一种有用的治疗方法，因为它具有促进睡眠和昼夜节律相移的作用。本研究旨在分离褪黑激素的促进睡眠作用，并确定褪黑激素是否可以改善白天睡眠，从而提高夜间警觉性和夜班表现。该研究采用了安慰剂对照、双盲、交叉设计。受试者（n = 21，平均年龄 = 27.0 +/- 5.0 岁）参加了两次为期 6 天的实验室课程。每个疗程包括一个适应夜、两个基线夜、两个连续 8 小时夜班、随后是 8 小时白天睡眠和一个恢复夜。受试者在一个疗程的两次白天睡眠之前 0.5 小时服用 1.8 毫克缓释褪黑激素，并在另一疗程的白天睡眠之前服用安慰剂。使用多导睡眠图记录睡眠。使用多次睡眠潜伏期测试（MSLT）和计算机化神经行为测试电池来评估夜班期间的困倦、表现和情绪。褪黑激素可防止日间睡眠期间睡眠时间相对于基线的减少，但仅限于服用褪黑激素的第一天。对于白天睡眠困难的受试者，褪黑激素可以增加更多的睡眠时间。褪黑激素对 MSLT 的警觉性或夜班期间的表现和情绪没有影响。服用褪黑激素没有宿醉效应。这些研究结果表明，尽管褪黑激素可以帮助夜间工作人员在白天获得更多睡眠，但由于昼夜节律失调，他们仍然可能面临夜间工作困难。褪黑激素促进睡眠作用超过 1 天的耐受性的可能性需要进一步研究。
Disturbed sleep and on-the-job sleepiness are widespread problems among night shift workers. The pineal hormone melatonin may prove to be a useful treatment because it has both sleep-promoting and circadian phase-shifting effects. This study was designed to isolate melatonin's sleep-promoting effects, and to determine whether melatonin could improve daytime sleep and thus improve night time alertness and performance during the night shift. The study utilized a placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over design. Subjects (n = 21, mean age = 27.0 +/- 5.0 years) participated in two 6-day laboratory sessions. Each session included one adaptation night, two baseline nights, two consecutive 8-h night shifts followed by 8-h daytime sleep episodes and one recovery night. Subjects took 1.8 mg sustained-release melatonin 0.5 h before the two daytime sleep episodes during one session, and placebo before the daytime sleep episodes during the other session. Sleep was recorded using polysomnography. Sleepiness, performance, and mood during the night shifts were evaluated using the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) and a computerized neurobehavioral testing battery. Melatonin prevented the decrease in sleep time during daytime sleep relative to baseline, but only on the first day of melatonin administration. Melatonin increased sleep time more in subjects who demonstrated difficulty in sleeping during the day. Melatonin had no effect on alertness on the MSLT, or performance and mood during the night shift. There were no hangover effects from melatonin administration. These findings suggest that although melatonin can help night workers obtain more sleep during the day, they are still likely to face difficulties working at night because of circadian rhythm misalignment. The possibility of tolerance to the sleep-promoting effects of melatonin across more than 1 day needs further investigation.