'I saw what the future direction would be ...': Experiences of diabetes risk and physical activity after diabetes screening
'I saw what the future direction would be ...': Experiences of diabetes risk and physical activity after diabetes screening
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DOI：
10.1111/bjhp.12088
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Poskiparta, Marita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Vahasarja, Kati;Kasila, Kirsti;Poskiparta, Marita
ObjectivesTo提高对2型糖尿病高风险个体的糖尿病风险的认识，以及这些经验如何与通过身体活动作为一种保护行为有关。DesignA定性研究使用半结构化访谈与筛选确定为2型糖尿病高风险的个体。参与者的糖尿病风险和体力活动的经验进行了评估。转录的访谈数据进行了分析，使用归纳定性内容analysis.ResultsTwo主题出现的数据：威胁的风险认知和拒绝的风险认知。当风险是参与者意想不到的，但通过筛选程序变得内化时，就会出现威胁性风险感知。威胁感还包括承诺增加身体活动以预防糖尿病。然而，短期的焦虑和随后出现的绝望也是这种看法的一部分。被拒绝的风险观念涉及对风险的漠不关心和怀疑。在这里，体力活动行为和认知似乎保持不变。拒绝还涉及难以接受一个人的高风险身份。拒绝组缺乏增加体力活动的动机，而另一组表现出决心增加体力活动，往往导致success.ConclusionPerceptions糖尿病的风险出现威胁或拒绝。参与者的看法反映了应对风险的不同和相互交织的情感，认知和行为机制，所有这些都应该在促进高风险个体的身体活动中得到认可。糖尿病筛查对筛查个体几乎没有不良心理影响。糖尿病可以通过增加身体活动和适度减轻高危人群的体重来预防。关于筛查对保护行为影响的证据是有限的，而且不一致。这项研究增加了什么？高风险个体对风险的威胁感似乎鼓励增加身体活动。在适应高风险识别方面有问题的个人可能不会有动力从事预防性的体力活动。生活方式的改变如果不能达到预期的效果，可能会导致人们对威胁性风险的感知产生绝望感。
ObjectivesTo improve understanding of how individuals at high risk of type 2 diabetes experience the risk of diabetes and how these experiences relate to the adoption of physical activity as a protective behaviour.DesignA qualitative study using semi-structured interview with individuals identified by screening as at high risk of type 2 diabetes.MethodsFourteen individuals, aged 40-64, were interviewed twice, with a 2-year interval between. Participants' experiences of their risk of diabetes and physical activity were assessed. The transcribed interview data were analysed using inductive qualitative content analysis.ResultsTwo themes emerged from the data: a threatening risk perception and a rejected risk perception. The threatening risk perception occurred when the risk was unexpected by the participant, but became internalized through the screening procedure. The threatening perception also involved a commitment to increase physical activity to prevent diabetes. However, short-term anxiety and subsequently emerging hopelessness were also part of this perception. The rejected risk perception involved indifference and scepticism regarding the risk. Here, physical activity behaviour and cognitions appeared to remain unchanged. Rejection also involved difficulties in accepting one's high-risk identity. The rejecting group lacked motivation for increased physical activity, while the other group showed determination regarding increased physical activity, often leading to success.ConclusionPerceptions of the risk of diabetes emerged as threatening or as rejected. Participants' perceptions reflected varying and intertwining emotional, cognitive, and behavioural mechanisms for coping with the risk, all of which should be recognized in promoting physical activity among high-risk individuals.What is already known on this subject? Diabetes screening has few adverse psychological effects on screened individuals. Diabetes can be prevented by increased physical activity and modest weight loss among high-risk individuals. The evidence on the effects of screening on protective behaviour is limited and inconsistent.What does this study add?High-risk individuals' threatening perception of risk appears encouraging increased physical activity. Individuals having problems in adjusting to high-risk identification may not be motivated to engage in physical activity for prevention. Failure to achieve the outcomes expected from lifestyle changes may lead people with threatening risk perception to a sense of hopelessness.