Native-like brain processing of syntax can be attained by university foreign language learners
Native-like brain processing of syntax can be attained by university foreign language learners
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.09.004
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发表时间：
2013-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Ullman, Michael T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bowden, Harriet Wood;Steinhauer, Karsten;Ullman, Michael T.
本文采用事件相关电位（ERP）技术，对两组典型的大学外语学习者进行了第二语言（12）西班牙语后期习得的神经认知研究（与母语（L1）使用者相比）：一组只有一年的大学课堂经验，和中低水平（12低），另一组则有三年以上的大学课堂教学经验，以及1-2个学期的海外浸入式教学经验，并具有高级英语水平（L2 Advanced）。语义违反引起N400在所有三个组，而句法语序违反引起LAN/P600的反应，在L1和12高级组，但不是L2低组。事实上，LAN和P600反应在L1和12高级组之间在统计学上是不可区分的。研究结果支持并扩展了以前的研究结果。与以往的研究结果一致，结果表明，L2语义处理总是依赖于L1样的神经认知机制，而12句法处理最初不同于L1，但可以转移到本机一样的过程与足够的熟练程度或曝光，也许与沉浸的经验，特别是。研究结果进一步表明，即使是典型的大学外语学习者，也可以实现大量的母语般的句法大脑处理。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Using event-related potentials (ERPs), we examined the neurocognition of late-learned second language (12) Spanish in two groups of typical university foreign-language learners (as compared to native (L1) speakers): one group with only one year of college classroom experience, and low-intermediate proficiency (12 Low), and another group with over three years of college classroom experience as well as 1-2 semesters of immersion experience abroad, and advanced proficiency (L2 Advanced). Semantic violations elicited N400s in all three groups, whereas syntactic word-order violations elicited LAN/P600 responses in the Ll and 12 Advanced groups, but not the L2 Low group. Indeed, the LAN and P600 responses were statistically indistinguishable between the Ll and 12 Advanced groups. The results support and extend previous findings. Consistent with previous research, the results suggest that L2 semantic processing always depends on Ll-like neurocognitive mechanisms, whereas 12 syntactic processing initially differs from Ll, but can shift to native-like processes with sufficient proficiency or exposure, and perhaps with immersion experience in particular. The findings further demonstrate that substantial native-like brain processing of syntax can be achieved even by typical university foreign-language learners. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.