A survey of neuropsychologists' practices and perspectives regarding the assessment of judgment ability.
A survey of neuropsychologists' practices and perspectives regarding the assessment of judgment ability.
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神经心理学家关于判断能力评估的实践和观点的调查。
DOI：
10.1080/09084280802325090
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Saykin,AndrewJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rabin,LauraA;Borgos,MarlanaJ;Saykin,AndrewJ
判断是认知和现实世界功能的一个重要方面，通常在神经心理学评估中进行评估。这项研究利用一项简短的在线调查来检查神经心理学家对可用的判断工具的做法和观点。受试者(n=290，应答率17%)为随机抽取的国际神经心理学会和美国国家神经心理学学会会员。受访者对以下问题进行了排序，这些问题应纳入判断评估(从最重要到最不重要)：安全性、日常生活活动的能力，以及关于医疗、财务、社会/伦理和法律事务的问题解决/决策。大多数受访者表示，他们在评估患有创伤性脑损伤(%)、痴呆症(87%)和精神障碍(70%)的患者时“经常”或“总是”评估判断。令人惊讶的是，排名靠前的工具并不是判断本身的测试，包括WAIS-III理解、威斯康星卡片分类测试和WAIS-III相似性。此外，61%的受访者对他们用目前的测试评估患者判断技能的能力略有信心，只有23%的人非常有信心。绝大多数(87%)的受访者认为有必要改进措施。总体而言，结果表明神经心理学家使用了不同的技术来评估判断能力，并建议对这一认知领域进行额外的测试。
Judgment is an important aspect of cognitive and real-world functioning that is commonly assessed during neuropsychological evaluations. This study utilized a brief, online survey to examine neuropsychologists' practices and perspectives regarding available judgment instruments. Participants (n = 290, 17% response rate) were randomly selected members of the International Neuropsychological Society and the National Academy of Neuropsychology. Respondents rank-ordered the following issues that should be incorporated into assessments of judgment (from most to least important): safety, ability to perform activities of daily living, and problem solving/decision making about medical, financial, social/ethical, and legal matters. A majority of respondents reported that they “often” or “always” assessed judgment when evaluating patients with traumatic brain injury (89%), dementia (87%), and psychiatric disorders (70%). Surprisingly, the top-ranked instruments were not tests of judgment per se, and included the WAIS-III Comprehension, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and WAIS-III Similarities. Further, 61% of respondents were slightly confident, and only 23% were very confident, in their ability to assess a patient's judgment skills with their current tests. The overwhelming majority (87%) of respondents perceived a need for improved measures. Overall results indicate use of varied techniques by neuropsychologists to evaluate judgment and suggest the need for additional tests of this cognitive domain.