The genetics of osteosarcoma.
The genetics of osteosarcoma.
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作者：
Martin JW;Squire JA;Zielenska M
骨肉瘤是一种原发性骨恶性肿瘤，相对于其他年龄组，儿童和青少年的发病率特别高。这种经常侵袭性癌症的病因目前尚不清楚，因为癌细胞中复杂的结构和数字基因组重排妨碍了对肿瘤发展的理解。此外，很少有一致的遗传变化，可能表明有效的分子治疗靶点已被报道。然而，高分辨率技术继续提高基因组的不同区域，更常见的与骨肉瘤的知识。在染色体1p、1q、6p、8q和17p的拷贝数增加以及在染色体3q、6q、9、10、13、17p和18q的拷贝数丢失已经被许多组检测到，但是关于许多位点，决定性癌基因或肿瘤抑制基因仍然难以捉摸。在本文中，我们检查骨肉瘤的遗传学研究，全面描述这种癌症的异质性和复杂性。
Osteosarcoma is a primary bone malignancy with a particularly high incidence rate in children and adolescents relative to other age groups. The etiology of this often aggressive cancer is currently unknown, because complicated structural and numeric genomic rearrangements in cancer cells preclude understanding of tumour development. In addition, few consistent genetic changes that may indicate effective molecular therapeutic targets have been reported. However, high-resolution techniques continue to improve knowledge of distinct areas of the genome that are more commonly associated with osteosarcomas. Copy number gains at chromosomes 1p, 1q, 6p, 8q, and 17p as well as copy number losses at chromosomes 3q, 6q, 9, 10, 13, 17p, and 18q have been detected by numerous groups, but definitive oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes remain elusive with respect to many loci. In this paper, we examine studies of the genetics of osteosarcoma to comprehensively describe the heterogeneity and complexity of this cancer.