Ridge-furrow and plastic-mulching tillage enhances maize–soil interactions: Opportunities and challenges in a semiarid agroecosystem
Ridge-furrow and plastic-mulching tillage enhances maize–soil interactions: Opportunities and challenges in a semiarid agroecosystem
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2011.10.010
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发表时间：
2012-02
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Li-Min Zhou;Sheng-Li Jin;Chang-An Liu;Y. Xiong;Jian-Ting Si;Xiao Gang Li;Y. Gan;Fengmin Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li-Min Zhou;Sheng-Li Jin;Chang-An Liu;Y. Xiong;Jian-Ting Si;Xiao Gang Li;Y. Gan;Fengmin Li
了解植物与土壤的关系有助于最大限度地提高作物生产力，同时保持和改善土壤质量。于2006年和2007年在兰州大学黄土高原旱地农业试验站进行田间试验，研究了不同垄沟和地膜覆盖技术对玉米生长和产量的影响。和土壤生物化学性质。设计了五种治疗方法：（2）大垄（80 cm）与小垄（40 cm）交替全膜覆盖（DRM）;（3）沟内播种，垄上覆膜，行距60 cm与40 cm交替（RM）;（4）60 cm和40 cm行距覆膜平播（NM）;（5）80 cm和40 cm行距覆膜平播（WM）。结果表明，覆膜提高了土壤微生物量，其中DRM处理的微生物量碳（MBC）在2007年收获时达到633 mgkg − 1，是CK的3倍。结果表明，四种土壤微生物量碳与有机碳的比值分别为8.8%、7.1%、5.7%和5.4%。在这两年中，垄沟覆膜增加了土壤轻组碳（LFOC），收获时平均达到1.04gkg− 1。地下植物生物量在覆盖处理中显著增加，特别是在DRM中。土壤生物量与LFOC、MBC、MBC与有效磷（AP）呈正相关，而SOC与矿质氮（MN）呈负相关。DRM处理的C/P值最高，而SOC、MN含量和C/N值最低，说明DRM处理加强了玉米与土壤的相互作用，LFOC含量随时间的增加为今后玉米增产提供了基础。总之，垄沟覆膜技术在保持土壤肥力方面带来了挑战，但这项技术提供了一个潜在的机会，大大提高了半干旱干旱地区的作物产量。
Understanding plant–soil relationships may help maximize crop productivity while maintaining and improving soil quality. Field experiments were conducted in 2006 and 2007 at the Dryland Agricultural Experimental Station of the Loess Plateau, Lanzhou University, China, to determine the effects of various ridge-furrow and plastic-mulching techniques on the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) and soil biochemical properties. Five treatments were designed: (1) flat-plot sowing without ridge-furrow mulching (CK), (2) large (80cm) and small (40cm) ridges alternated and fully mulched with plastic (DRM), (3) on-furrow sowing with plastic mulch applied only on the ridge at a row spacing of 60cm and 40cm alternatively (RM), (4) flat-plot sowing with plastic mulch at a row spacing of 60cm and 40cm alternatively (NM), and (5) flat-plot sowing with plastic mulch at a row spacing of 80cm and 40cm alternatively (WM). The results showed that film mulching enhanced soil microbial biomass; where microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in the DRM treatment reached 633mgkg−1at harvest in 2007, three times the MBC of the CK. The MBC:SOC ratios were 8.8%, 7.1%, 5.7% and 5.4% in DRM, RM, NM and WM, respectively. The ridge-furrow with plastic-mulching increased soil light fraction carbon (LFOC) in both years, averaging up to 1.04gkg−1at harvest. Underground plant biomass increased substantially in the mulching treatments, especially in DRM. Positive correlations were found between total biomass and LFOC, between MBC and LFOC, and between MBC and available phosphorus (AP), but a negative correlation between SOC and soil mineral nitrogen (MN). The carbon to phosphorus (C/P) ratio was highest in DRM among treatments, but the content of SOC, MN, and C/N ratio in DRM was lowest, suggesting that the DRM treatment strengthened the interactions between maize and soil, and that the increased content of LFOC with time provides a basis for increasing productivity in future years. In conclusion, the ridge-furrow and plastic-mulching technique brought about a challenge in maintaining soil fertility, but this technology provides a potential opportunity of substantially increasing crop yields in semiarid rainfed regions.