Resilience, Traumatic Brain Injury, Depression, and Posttraumatic Stress Among Iraq/Afghanistan War Veterans
Resilience, Traumatic Brain Injury, Depression, and Posttraumatic Stress Among Iraq/Afghanistan War Veterans
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/rep0000050
复制
发表时间：
2015-08-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Morissette, Sandra B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elliott, Timothy R.;Hsiao, Yu-Yu;Morissette, Sandra B.
目的：我们研究了复原力、控制不足和过度控制的人格原型对伊拉克/阿富汗战争退伍军人抑郁和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状的前瞻性影响。在考虑了战斗暴露的可能影响后，我们预计弹性原型将随着时间的推移预测较低的抑郁和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD），并且与过度控制和控制不足的原型相比，与适应性应对策略、更高的社会支持、更低的心理不灵活性和更高的自我报告的弹性相关，独立于创伤性脑损伤（TBI）状态。方法：127 名退伍军人（107 名男性，20 名女性；平均年龄= 37 岁）参与了这项研究。在基线时评估人格，并在 8 个月后评估 PTSD 和抑郁症状。路径分析用于测试人格对痛苦的直接和间接影响。结果：没有观察到从性格到痛苦的直接影响。弹性原型确实通过其对社会支持、应对和心理僵化的有益影响，对创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症产生了显着的间接影响。 TBI 对 PTSD 也有直接影响。结论：弹性人格原型似乎通过其与更大的社会支持和心理灵活性以及较少使用回避应对的积极联系来影响退伍军人的调整。低社会支持、回避型应对和心理僵化与过度控制和控制不足的人格原型有关，这些行为似乎是随着时间的推移经历抑郁和创伤后应激障碍问题的退伍军人的特征。阳性 TBI 状态与 PTSD 症状直接且前瞻性相关，与人格原型无关。讨论了对临床干预和未来研究的影响。
Objective: We examined the prospective influence of the resilient, undercontrolled, and overcontrolled personality prototypes on depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among Iraq/Afghanistan war veterans. After accounting for the possible influence of combat exposure, we expected that the resilient prototype would predict lower depression and PTSD over time and would be associated with adaptive coping strategies, higher social support, lower psychological inflexibility, and higher self-reported resilience relative to overcontrolled and undercontrolled prototypes, independent of traumatic brain injury (TBI) status. Method: One hundred twenty-seven veterans (107 men, 20 women; average age = 37) participated in the study. Personality was assessed at baseline, and PTSD and depression symptoms were assessed 8 months later. Path analysis was used to test the direct and indirect effects of personality on distress. Results: No direct effects were observed from personality to distress. The resilient prototype did have significant indirect effects on PTSD and depression through its beneficial effects on social support, coping and psychological inflexibility. TBI also had direct effects on PTSD. Conclusions: A resilient personality prototype appears to influence veteran adjustment through its positive associations with greater social support and psychological flexibility, and lower use of avoidant coping. Low social support, avoidant coping, and psychological inflexibility are related to overcontrolled and undercontrolled personality prototypes, and these behaviors seem to characterize veterans who experience problems with depression and PTSD over time. A positive TBI status is directly and prospectively associated with PTSD symptomology independent of personality prototype. Implications for clinical interventions and future research are discussed.