SENSORY DISCRIMINATION - DECISION-PROCESS
SENSORY DISCRIMINATION - DECISION-PROCESS
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.1980.43.6.1771
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发表时间：
1980-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
JOHNSON, KO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
JOHNSON, KO
在辨别任务中，干预相对外围的神经活动阵列和受试者的决定之间的过程分为两个部分：提供辨别所基于的神经活动的最终模式的上升感觉过程，以及产生心理物理学研究中所使用的实验设计所需的类型的决定的过程。一个决策过程的理论被开发出来。决策理论涉及一类实验设计，其中要求[人类]受试者对2个刺激s1和s2做出决策（例如，s1大于s2，s2与s1相同，s2是修改后的刺激，依此类推）。这种类型的实验设计的数学表示。决策过程分析在2种形式：多元形式，其中的歧视决定直接从多维神经表示的2个刺激和双变量形式，其中每个刺激的最终表示是一个一维变量。这些配方的等效性所需的条件进行了检查。该理论包括作为显式变量的实验设计，受试者的辨别策略，偏差，记忆方差，偏差方差，刺激的最终神经表征的方差以及它们对它们所代表的刺激的功能依赖性。公式开发的预期值常用的心理物理措施，如经典的心理功能，受试者工作特性（ROC）功能，歧视性分离指数（d“），和差异阈值。最佳的歧视行为进行了分析。
The processes that intervene between a relatively peripheral array of neural activity and a subject''s decision in a discrimination task are split into 2 sections: the ascending sensory processes that provide the final patterns of neural activity on which discrimination is based, and a process that yields decisions of the type required by the experimental design used in the psychophysical study. A theory of the decision process was developed. The decision theory deals with a class of experimental designs in which a [human] subject is required to make a decision about 2 stimuli s1 and s2 (e.g., s1 is larger than s2, s2 is the same as s1, s2 was the modified stimulus and so on). A mathematical representation for experimental designs of this type is developed. The decision process is analyzed in 2 forms: a multivariate form in which the discrimination decision results directly from multidimensional neural representations of the 2 stimuli and a bivariate form in which the final representation of each stimulus is a unidimensional variable. Conditions required for equivalence of these formulations are examined. The theory includes as explicit variables the experimental design, the subject''s discrimination strategy, bias, memory variance, bias variance, variance in the final neural representations of the stimuli and their functional dependence on the stimuli that they represent. Formulas are developed for the expected values of commonly used psychophysical measures such as the classical psychometric function, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) functions, discriminatory separation index (d''), and the difference limen. Optimum discrimination behavior is analyzed.