The significance of a two part song in the moustached warbler (Acrocephalus melanopogon)
The significance of a two part song in the moustached warbler (Acrocephalus melanopogon)
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DOI：
10.1080/08927014.1996.9522917
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发表时间：
1996-09-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Hoi, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fessl, B;Hoi, H
有几种方法可以通过雄鸟的歌声来计时雄性和雌性导向的信息。我们研究了一个案例，其中两个功能都在一种歌曲类型中完成，但似乎被分成不同的歌曲部分。因此，我们认为，我们首先通过记录雄性和雌性定向部分的自然发生来确认这两个部分的功能分离，然后通过回放实验来评估这样的两部分歌曲的可能益处。雄性须莺Acrocephalusmelanopogon的歌曲由一个类似于苇莺的颤音部分组成，通常由一个简单的哨声音符（哨声部分）的重复发起。根据尖头柳莺（Acrocephalus warblers）个体间性假说，简单的定型开始部分（哨声部分）应指向雄性竞争者，复杂的定型结束部分（鸣唱部分）应指向雌性竞争者，我们通过自然条件下的行为观察验证了这一假说。例如，在交配后，鸣唱的比例减少，鸣唱的长度和交配间隔之间的关系-雄性到达到交配之间的天数-表明鸣唱部分对雌性吸引力很重要。口哨部分减少不太陡峭交配后，实际上增加显着在后生育期。此外，口哨声的发生与捕食者干扰和种内领土intrusions.Concerning可能的好处，通过提供不同的播放类型的领土持有人，更少的男性攻击扬声器，如果口哨声强度增加。所以，用男性导向的信息来介绍这首歌似乎有一个明显的好处。同样的优势似乎持有种间环境与苇莺，这也是测试回放实验。
There are several ways of timing male and female oriented messages through the song of a male bird. We examined a case where both functions are accomplished in one song type but seem to be separated into different song parts. Therefore, we firstly tried to confirm the functional separation of the male and female directed parts through recording the natural occurrence of the two song parts and secondly we tried to evaluate possible benefits of such a two part song by means of playback experiments.The song of male moustached warblers Acrocephalus melanopogon consists of a reed warbler-like warbling part often initiated by a repetiton of one simple whistle note (whistle part). According to the general intra-intersexual hypothesis, specifically developed for Acrocephalus warblers, the simple stereotyped beginning (whistle part) should be directed to male competitors and the complex ending (warbling part) to females.We obtained verification of this hypothesis through behavioural observations under natural conditions. For instance, the proportion of warbling song decreases after mating and the relationship between length of warbling song and mating interval - the days between arrival until mating of males - suggests that the warbling part is important for female attraction. The whistle part decreases less steeply after mating and actually increases significantly during the post-fertile period. Furthermore, the occurrence of whistling is related to predator disturbance and intraspecific territorial intrusions.Concerning possible benefits, by offering different playback types to territory holders, fewer males attacked the speaker if whistle intensity increased. So, there seems to be a clear benefit of introducing the song with a male oriented message. The same advantage seems to hold in interspecific context with the reed warbler which was also tested by playback experiments.