Twentieth century atmospheric metal fluxes into Central Park Lake, New York City
Twentieth century atmospheric metal fluxes into Central Park Lake, New York City
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DOI：
10.1021/es9807892
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发表时间：
1999-03-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Yarme, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chillrud, SN;Bopp, RF;Yarme, A
人们普遍认为，20世纪70年代和80年代城市中心大气铅浓度的下降几乎完全是由于无铅汽油的逐步引入。然而，大多数环境数据来自于二三十年前才开始的监测项目，这限制了它们的有用性。在这里，微量金属和放射性核素的数据，从沉积物芯在中央公园湖提供了一个记录的大气污染物沉积在纽约市通过世纪，这表明，含铅汽油燃烧不是纽约市大气铅的主要来源。铅的沉积速率，以已知的Pb-210大气流入量标准化，非常高，在20世纪30年代末至60年代初达到最大值（>70 μ g cm（-2）yr（-1）），比含铅汽油燃烧产生的最大排放量早几十年。湖泊沉积物中铅、锌和锡沉积的时间趋势与纽约市固体废物焚烧的历史非常相似。此外，上个世纪在美国和欧洲广泛使用固体废物焚烧炉表明，固体废物焚烧可能是许多城市中心大气铅和其他几种金属的主要来源。
It is generally assumed that declining atmospheric lead concentrations in urban centers during the 1970s and 1980s were due almost entirely to the progressive introduction of unleaded gasoline. However, most environmental data are from monitoring programs that began only two to three decades ago, which limits their usefulness. Here, trace metal and radionuclide data from sediment cores in Central Park Lake provide a record of atmospheric pollutant deposition in New York City through the 20th century, which suggests that leaded gasoline combustion was not the dominant source of atmospheric lead for NYC. Lead deposition rates, normalized to known Pb-210 atmospheric influxes, were extremely high, reaching maximum values (>70 mu g cm(-2) yr(-1)) from the late 1930s to early 1960s, decades before maximum emissions from combustion of leaded gasoline. Temporal trends of lead, zinc, and tin deposition derived from the lake sediments closely resemble the history of solid waste incineration in New York City. Furthermore, widespread use of solid waste incinerators in the United States and Europe over the last century suggests that solid waste incineration may have provided the dominant source of atmospheric lead and several other metals to many urban centers.