Truthfulness and Relevance
Truthfulness and Relevance
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真实性和相关性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Sperber
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Deirdre Wilson;D. Sperber
本文质疑了一种普遍的观点，即言语交际是由一个格言，规范或公约的真实性，适用于什么是字面意思，或说什么。基于这一观点的语用框架必须解释语言的松散和比喻用法的频繁发生和可接受性。我们反对现有的解释，这些现象，并提供了一个替代帐户，基于这样的假设，即口头交流是由真实性的期望，但相关性的期望，提出了字面上，松散和比喻的使用一样。样本分析，并探讨了这种替代帐户的一些后果。特别是，我们认为，字面意义的概念，什么是说，在语言使用的研究中没有发挥有用的理论作用，明确的沟通的性质将不得不重新思考。
This paper questions the widespread view that verbal communication is governed by a maxim, norm or convention of truthfulness which applies at the level of what is literally meant, or what is said. Pragmatic frameworks based on this view must explain the frequent occurrence and acceptability of loose and figurative uses of language. We argue against existing explanations of these phenomena and provide an alternative account, based on the assumption that verbal communication is governed not by expectations of truthfulness but by expectations of relevance, raised by literal, loose and figurative uses alike. Sample analyses are provided, and some consequences of this alternative account are explored. In particular, we argue that the notions of literal meaning and what is said play no useful theoretical role in the study of language use, and that the nature of explicit communication will have to be rethought.