Fiber-optic two-way quantum time transfer with frequency-entangled pulses

Fiber-optic two-way quantum time transfer with frequency-entangled pulses
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具有频率纠缠脉冲的光纤双向量子时间传输

DOI:
10.1103/physreva.100.023849
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发表时间:
2018-12
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Zhang Shougang
Zhang Shougang
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hou Feiyan;Quan Runai;Dong Ruifang;Xiang Xiao;Li Baihong;Liu Tao;Yang Xiaoyan;Li Hao;You Lixing;Wang Zhen;Zhang Shougang

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高精度的时间传递是物理学和计量学中的一个基本问题。基于频率纠缠脉冲的量子时间传输技术,利用量子力学中的互补性原理,在提高传输精度的同时保证了传输的安全性,因此被提出。然而,由于相对较低的光子率和光学损耗的退相干效应,量子时间传递的优势以前被低估了。在这里,我们证明了利用与频率纠缠脉冲相关的量子非局域色散抵消的独特性质,通过色散信道的量子时间传输可以显著地优于类似的经典方案。实验证明,在20公里长的光纤链路上实现了量子双向时间传输,其时间传输精度为1.23ps,在5 S时的时间偏差为922ps,在40960 S时的时间偏差为45fs。这种双向量子时间传输的飞秒级时间传输能力及其固有的安全优势,将适用于高精度的中程同步系统。
High-precision time transfer is of fundamental interest in physics and metrology. Quantum time transfer technologies with frequency entangled pulses have been proposed for its potential enhancement of the precision and guaranteed security by the complementarity principle in quantum mechanics. However, the superiority of quantum time transfer is previously underappreciated due to the relatively low photon rate and decoherence effect of optical loss. Here we demonstrate that, with the unique property of quantum nonlocal dispersion cancellation associated with frequency entangled pulses, quantum time transfer through a dispersive channel can appreciably outperform the analogous classical scheme. A quantum two-way time transfer over a 20 km-long fiber link is experimentally demonstrated with a time transfer accuracy of 1.23 ps and a time deviation of 922 fs at 5 s and 45 fs at 40960 s. The femtosecond-scale time transfer capability of this two-way quantum time transfer, together with its inherent secure advantage, will be applicable to high-precision middle-haul synchronization systems.
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