The role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in brain:: Modulation of rat brain gene expression by dietary n-3 fatty acids
The role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in brain:: Modulation of rat brain gene expression by dietary n-3 fatty acids
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.042698699
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发表时间：
2002-03-05
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Farkas, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kitajka, K;Puskás, LG;Farkas, T
以高亚麻酸(紫苏油)和高二十碳五烯酸+二十二碳六烯酸(鱼油)饲料(8%)喂养大鼠，测定乙醇胺磷酸甘油酯的脂肪酸组成和分子物种组成。此外，还研究了由n-3脂肪酸摄食引起的基因表达模式。与鱼油饲喂相比，紫苏油饲喂不能反映乙醇胺磷酸甘油酯的总脂肪酸组成。乙醇胺磷酸甘油酯的烯基酰基水平随着摄食的增加而增加。同样，含二十二碳六烯酸(18：0/22：6)的二酰基磷脂酰乙醇胺分子种类在喂饲紫苏或鱼油的大鼠脑中的含量较高，而在乙醇胺血浆原中的含量则保持不变。因为喂食富含n-3脂肪酸的食物的大鼠大脑中的血浆蛋白原水平增加，所以从食物中摄取或由亚麻酸形成的二十二碳六烯酸沉积在这一磷脂亚类中是有道理的。使用基因芯片，发现55个基因在两种饮食方案中与对照组相比过表达，47个基因被抑制。改变的基因包括那些控制突触可塑性、细胞膜结合、信号转导、离子通道形成、能量代谢和调节蛋白的基因。这种效应似乎与脂肪酸的链长无关，但n-3结构似乎很重要。由于n-3多不饱和脂肪酸已被证明在维持正常精神功能方面起着重要作用，并且n-3多不饱和脂肪酸对n-3脂肪酸摄取的响应积累了含有二十二碳六烯酸的乙醇胺磷酸甘油酯(18：0/22：6)分子物种，因此可以推测这两个事件之间的因果关系。
Rats were fed either a high linolenic acid (perilla oil) or high eicosapentaenoic + docosahexaenoic acid (fish oil) diet (8%), and the fatty acid and molecular species composition of ethanolamine phosphoglycerides was determined. Gene expression pattern resulting from the feeding of n-3 fatty acids also was studied. Perilla oil feeding, in contrast to fish oil feeding, was not reflected in total fatty acid composition of ethanolamine phosphoglycerides. Levels of the alkenylacyl subclass of ethanolamine phosphoglycerides increased in response to feeding. Similarly, levels of diacyl phosphatidylethanolamine molecular species containing docosahexaenoic acid (18:0/22:6) were higher in perilla-fed or fish oil-fed rat brains whereas those in ethanolamine plasmalogens remained unchanged. Because plasmalogen levels in the brains of rats fed a n-3 fatty acid-enriched diet increased, it is plausible, however, that docosahexaenoic acid taken up from the food or formed from linolenic acid was deposited in this phospholipid subclass. Using cDNA microarrays, 55 genes were found to be overexpressed and 47 were suppressed relative to controls by both dietary regimens. The altered genes included those controlling synaptic plasticity, cytosceleton and membrane association, signal transduction, ion channel formation, energy metabolism, and regulatory proteins. This effect seems to be independent of the chain length of fatty acids, but the n-3 structure appears to be important. Because n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have been shown to play an important role in maintaining normal mental functions and docosahexaenoic acid-containing ethanolamine phosphoglyceride (18:0/22:6) molecular species accumulated in response to n-3 fatty acid feeding, a casual relationship between the two events can be surmised.