Utility and relationships of biomarkers of smoking in African-American light smokers.
Utility and relationships of biomarkers of smoking in African-American light smokers.
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DOI：
10.1158/1055-9965.epi-09-0956
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发表时间：
2009-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tyndale RF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ho MK;Faseru B;Choi WS;Nollen NL;Mayo MS;Thomas JL;Okuyemi KS;Ahluwalia JS;Benowitz NL;Tyndale RF
虽然过期的一氧化碳（CO）和血浆可替宁（COT）已被验证为重度吸烟高加索人每日自我报告吸烟量（CPD）的生物标志物，但其在轻度吸烟者中的效用尚不清楚。此外，CYP 2A 6（介导尼古丁（NIC）形成COT及其代谢为反式-3 ′-羟基可替宁（3 HC）的酶）的变异性可能限制COT的有效性。我们评估了非裔美国轻度吸烟者（≤ 10 CPD，n=700）中CO和COT是否与CPD相关，该人群已知CYP 2A 6活性降低且COT代谢缓慢。我们还通过基因型和表型测量（3 HC/COT）研究了性别、年龄、BMI、吸烟薄荷香烟或CYP 2A 6活性率是否影响这些关系。在基线时，许多参与者（42%）呼出的CO ≤ 10 ppm，这是传统的吸烟临界值，而很少（3.1%）的COT低于≤ 14 ng/ml的临界值;因此COT似乎是该人群中吸烟状态的更好生物标志物。CPD与CO和COT呈弱相关（r = 0.32-0.39，p<0.001），报告CPD较少的人具有较高的CO/支烟和COT/支烟，尽管这些变量之间的相关系数也很弱（r =-0.33和-0.08，p < 0.05）。当通过CYP 2A 6活性、吸烟薄荷香烟或年龄分析时，CPD和CO之间的相关性没有显著增加，尽管在女性（r = 0.38 vs.0.21，p<0.05）和肥胖个体（r = 0.38 vs.0.24，p<0.05）中CPD和CO之间的相关性似乎更强。总之，这些结果表明，CO和COT与非裔美国人轻度吸烟者自我报告的香烟消费量弱相关，并且当考虑先前报告的影响这些生物标志物的变量时，这些关系没有得到实质性改善。
While expired carbon monoxide (CO) and plasma cotinine (COT) have been validated as biomarkers of self-reported cigarettes per day (CPD) in heavy smoking Caucasians, their utility in light smokers is unknown. Further, variability in CYP2A6, the enzyme that mediates formation of COT from nicotine (NIC) and its metabolism to trans-3′-hydroxycotinine (3HC), may limit the usefulness of COT. We assessed whether CO and COT are correlated with CPD in African-American light smokers (≤10CPD, n=700), a population with known reduced CYP2A6 activity and slow COT metabolism. We also examined whether gender, age, BMI, smoking mentholated cigarettes or rate of CYP2A6 activity, by genotype and phenotype measures (3HC/COT), influence these relationships. At baseline, many participants (42%) exhaled CO ≤10ppm, the traditional cutoff for smoking, while few (3.1%) had COT below the cutoff of ≤14ng/ml; thus COT appears to be a better biomarker of smoking status in this population. CPD was weakly correlated with CO and COT (r = 0.32–0.39, p<0.001), and those reporting fewer CPD had higher CO/cigarette and COT/cigarette, although the correlations coefficients between these variables were also weak (r = −0.33 and −0.08, p < 0.05). The correlation between CPD and CO was not greatly increased when analyzed by CYP2A6 activity, smoking mentholated cigarettes or age, although it appeared stronger in females (r = 0.38 vs.0.21, p<0.05) and obese individuals (r = 0.38 vs.0.24, p<0.05). Together, these results suggest that CO and COT are weakly associated with self-reported cigarette consumption in African-American light smokers, and that these relationships are not substantially improved when variables previously reported to influence these biomarkers are considered.