Comparative Conservation Biology of Oceanic Archipelagoes Hawaii and the Galdpagos
Comparative Conservation Biology of Oceanic Archipelagoes Hawaii and the Galdpagos
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夏威夷和加尔帕戈斯海洋群岛的比较保护生物学
DOI：
10.2307/1310851
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
10.1
通讯作者：
C. P. Stone
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Loope;O. Hamann;C. P. Stone
海洋岛屿在进化生物学的历史上发挥了重要作用，并继续作为进化研究的关键地点。夏威夷群岛和加拉帕戈斯群岛是两个群岛，在那里进行了大量的生物学调查，并将继续进行。这两个地区也受到了关注，因为它们的特有动植物容易受到人类和人类引入的生物的破坏。夏威夷的生物区，总的来说，比加拉帕戈斯遭受了更多的破坏.例如，夏威夷群岛由于史前和历史上的灭绝已经失去了75%以上的原始特有陆地鸟类（奥尔森和詹姆斯，1984年，斯科特等人，238-253页），据了解，整个加拉帕戈斯群岛没有失去一种陆地鸟类。海洋岛屿对某些类型的人类生物入侵极为脆弱，因为它们长期与塑造大陆生物进化的一些选择性力量隔离。这些力量包括草食性哺乳动物的啃食和践踏，蚂蚁的捕食，有毒的破坏，
Oceanic islands have had an important role in the history of evolutionary biology and are continuing to serve as crucial sites for evolutionary studies. The Hawai- ian Islands and the Galipagos Islands are two archipelagoes where much biological investigation has been, and continues to be, performed. Both ar- eas have also received attention be- cause of the vulnerability of their endemic animals and plants to dam- age by humans and organisms intro- duced by humans. The Hawaiian bio- ta has, in general, undergone much more destruction than that of the Galipagos. For example, whereas the Hawaiian archipelago has lost over 75% of its original endemic land bird fauna through prehistoric and histor- ic extinctions (Olson and James 1984, Scott et al., page 238-253 this issue), the Galipagos archipelago as a whole is not known to have lost a single land bird species. Oceanic islands are extremely vul- nerable to certain types of human- related biological invasions because of their long isolation from some of the selective forces that have shaped the evolution of continental orga- nisms. These forces include browsing and trampling by herbivorous mam- mals, predation by ants, virulent dis-