Effectiveness of Multicomponent Programs with Community Mobilization for Reducing Alcohol-Impaired Driving
Effectiveness of Multicomponent Programs with Community Mobilization for Reducing Alcohol-Impaired Driving
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2009.07.005
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发表时间：
2009-10-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Chattopadhyay, Sajal K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shults, Ruth A.;Elder, Randy W.;Chattopadhyay, Sajal K.
进行了系统的审查，以确定有效性和经济效益的多组分计划与社区动员，以减少酒精损害驾驶。这项审查是为《社区预防服务指南》（《社区指南》）进行的。六项研究的方案合格的审查。除了酒精受损驾驶之外，这些项目还解决了广泛的与酒精相关的问题。这些项目使用各种与碰撞相关的结果来衡量其有效性。两项研究调查了致命车祸，报告下降了9%和42%;一项研究调查了伤害车祸，报告下降了10%;另一项研究调查了16-20岁的年轻司机的车祸，报告下降了45%;一项研究调查了年轻男性司机深夜和周末的单车车祸，报告没有变化。第六项研究调查了未成年司机的伤害事故，并报告了小幅净减少。由于没有报告实际的车祸数量，因此无法计算百分比变化。根据《社区指南》的证据规则，本文回顾的研究提供了强有力的证据，表明精心策划、执行良好的多组分计划，当与社区动员工作结合实施时，可以有效减少与酒精有关的车祸。三项研究报告了经济证据，表明这些计划可以节省成本。多方面的计划通常包括限制酒精获取（特别是在年轻人中），负责任的饮料服务培训，清醒检查站或其他明确的执法工作，公众教育和媒体宣传的努力相结合，旨在获得决策者和公众的支持，以减少酒精损害驾驶。(Am J Prev Med 2009;37（4）：360-371）由Elsevier Inc.出版。代表美国预防医学杂志
A systematic review was conducted to determine the effectiveness and economic efficiency of multicomponent programs with community mobilization for reducing alcohol-impaired driving. The review was conducted for the Guide to Community Preventive Services (Community Guide). Six studies of programs qualified for the review. Programs addressed a wide range of alcohol-related concerns in addition to alcohol-impaired driving.The programs used various crash-related outcomes to measure their effectiveness. Two studies examined fatal crashes and reported declines of 9% and 42%; one study examined injury crashes and reported a decline of 10%; another study examined crashes among young drivers aged 16-20 years and reported a decline of 45%; and one study examined single-vehicle late-night and weekend crashes among young male drivers and reported no change. The sixth study examined injury crashes among underage drivers and reported small net reductions. Because the actual numbers of crashes were not reported, percentage change could not be calculated.According to Community Guide rules of evidence, the studies reviewed here provided strong evidence that carefully planned, well-executed multicomponent programs, when implemented in conjunction with community mobilization efforts, are effective in reducing alcohol-related crashes. Three studies reported economic evidence that suggests that such programs produce cost savings. The multicomponent programs generally included a combination of efforts to limit access to alcohol (particularly among youth), responsible beverage service training, sobriety checkpoints or other well-defined enforcement efforts, public education, and media advocacy designed to gain the support of both policymakers and the general public for reducing alcohol-impaired driving. (Am J Prev Med 2009;37(4):360-371) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American journal of Preventive Medicine