The 3D-Printing Technology of Geological Models Using Rock-Like Materials
The 3D-Printing Technology of Geological Models Using Rock-Like Materials
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DOI：
10.1007/s00603-018-1703-y
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Liu, Xu-Feng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Feng, Xia-Ting;Gong, Yan-Hua;Liu, Xu-Feng
近年来，3D打印技术的引入极大地改善了通过大型三维物理模型试验来理解一些令人困惑的岩土和地质力学问题的惯例，该技术可以实现复杂地质结构的重建。然而，在3D打印过程中，规则的岩石类材料遭受一些普遍的问题，如初凝时间短，水分偏析，由化学反应引起的流动性降低，以及其他一些不清楚的影响因素。为推动3D打印物理模型的进一步发展，实现大比例尺高精度三维地质模型的制作，采用新型流动性测试装置，首次研究了岩石类材料的流动特性。根据试验结果，制定了一种新的地质材料3D打印技术。在此基础上，提出了制备所需结构试件、获得与天然岩石力学性能和开裂行为相似的试件、打印大比例尺复杂地质模型的技术。结果表明，地质材料的3D打印技术有一个原则：在打印过程中不损失流动性。打印头直径、线宽、线跨度和线坍落度的参数是影响所需结构样品的四个关键因素。从小比例尺样品打印的启示出发，提出了复杂大比例尺地质模型的打印方法，包括缩短打印时间，获得内部结构、密度要求、表面光滑的非均质地质模型。
The common practice in understanding some puzzling geotechnical and geomechanical issues by large-scale three-dimensional physical model tests is recently much improved by the introduction of 3D-printing technology which can realize the reconstruction of complex geological structures. However, during 3D printing process, the regular rock-like material suffers from some general problems such as short initial setting time, water segregation, decreasing fluidity induced by chemical reaction, and some other unclear influencing factors. To promote further development of physical model via 3D printing method and to fabricate large-scale high-precision 3D geological models, in this paper, the flow characteristics of rock-like materials were first investigated using a new fluidity testing apparatus. Based on the test results, a novel 3D-printing technology of geological material was formulated. Then, the technologies of fabricating the desired structural specimens, acquiring samples with mechanical properties and cracking behaviors similar to natural rock, printing large-scale complex geological models were formulated. The results show that the 3D-printing technology of geological materials had a principle: no losing fluidity during printing time. The parameters of print head diameter, line width, line span, and line slump were the four key factors affecting desired structural samples. From the enlightenment of printing small-scale sample, the printing methods of complex large-scale geological models including decreasing printing time, acquiring heterogeneous geological model with inner structures, desired density, and surrounding smooth surface were proposed.