POST‐DAMMING FLOW REGIME DEVELOPMENT IN A LARGE LOWLAND RIVER (VOLGA, RUSSIAN FEDERATION): IMPLICATIONS FOR FLOODPLAIN INUNDATION AND FISHERIES
POST‐DAMMING FLOW REGIME DEVELOPMENT IN A LARGE LOWLAND RIVER (VOLGA, RUSSIAN FEDERATION): IMPLICATIONS FOR FLOODPLAIN INUNDATION AND FISHERIES
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DOI：
10.1002/rra.1499
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发表时间：
2012-10
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
K. Górski;L. V. Bosch;K. E. Wolfshaar;H. Middelkoop;L. Nagelkerke;O. Filippov;D. V. Zolotarev;S. Yakovlev;A. Minin;H. V. Winter;J. De Leeuw;A. D. Buijse;J. Verreth
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文献类型：
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作者：
K. Górski;L. V. Bosch;K. E. Wolfshaar;H. Middelkoop;L. Nagelkerke;O. Filippov;D. V. Zolotarev;S. Yakovlev;A. Minin;H. V. Winter;J. De Leeuw;A. D. Buijse;J. Verreth
周期性洪水在洪泛区河流生态中起着关键作用。在这些河流上筑坝会扰乱洪水泛滥的格局，对商业鱼类产量产生不利影响。伏尔加河是欧洲最大的河流，在一系列水坝建成后，它的水流状况得到了控制。在这里，我们研究筑坝对长期流量变化和洪水脉冲特性的影响。此外，我们评估的影响，改变洪水脉冲洪泛区生态系统功能和商业鱼类产量。我们的研究结果表明，在过去的几十年里，伏尔加-阿赫图巴洪泛区的洪水脉冲和鱼类种群变化很大。筑坝后，年最大洪峰流量减少，最小流量增加，但平均流量仍与筑坝前相似。此外，由于河床水位下切超过1.5 m，需要更高的流量才能达到平滩水位并淹没洪泛区。尽管这种显着改变水文制度和随后的形态变化，目前的排放管理仍然提供了显着的春季洪水。然而，商业捕鱼量确实减少后，在主要渠道和洪泛区湖泊。所有的渔获量占主导地位的物种与广适流偏好，虽然从主通道的渔获量包含更多的嗜流物种，河漫滩渔获量包含更多的湖沼和phytophilic物种。1985年前后，机会异育银鲫（Carassius gibelio）在主河道和河漫滩湖泊中明显增加。尽管水文的变化，在整体渔获量的减少，和高涨的gibel，我们发现了一个强大的积极影响，洪水规模在前一年的洪泛区湖泊的商业鱼类产量。这表明，在目前的排放管理下，在高洪水期间，鱼类的生长和/或存活率仍然增加，洪泛区的功能至少部分完好。版权所有© 2011约翰威利父子有限公司.
Periodic flooding plays a key role in the ecology of floodplain rivers. Damming of such rivers can disturb flooding patterns and have a negative impact on commercial fish yield. The Volga River, the largest river in Europe, has a regulated flow regime after completion of a cascade of dams. Here, we study effects of damming on long‐term discharge variability and flood pulse characteristics. In addition, we evaluate the effects of the altered flood pulse on floodplain ecosystem functioning and commercial fish yields. Our results indicate that both flood pulse and fish populations of the Volga–Akhtuba floodplain have varied considerably over the past decades. After damming, annual maximum peak discharges have decreased, minimum discharges increased, but average discharges remained similar to pre‐damming conditions. Moreover, because of bed level incision of over 1.5 m, a higher discharge is needed to reach bankfull level and inundate the floodplains. Despite this significantly altered hydrological regime and subsequent morphological changes, current discharge management still provides significant spring flooding. However, commercial fish catches did decrease after damming, both in the main channel and in the floodplain lakes. All catches were dominated by species with a eurytopic flow preference, although catches from the main channel contained more rheophilic species, and floodplain catches contained more limnophilic and phytophilic species. The strong increase of opportunistic gibel carp (Carassius gibelio) around 1985 was apparent in the main channel and the floodplain lakes. Despite the hydrological changes, the decrease in overall catches, and the upsurge of gibel, we found a strong positive effect of flood magnitude in the previous year on commercial fish yield in the floodplain lakes. This suggests that under the current discharge management there still is an increased fish growth and/or survival during high floods and that functioning of the floodplain is at least partly intact. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.