On the significance of the H/E ratio in wear control:: a nanocomposite coating approach to optimised tribological behaviour
On the significance of the H/E ratio in wear control:: a nanocomposite coating approach to optimised tribological behaviour
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DOI：
10.1016/s0043-1648(00)00488-9
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发表时间：
2000-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Matthews, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leyland, A;Matthews, A
虽然硬度一直被认为是定义耐磨性的主要材料性能，但有强有力的证据表明，弹性模量也可以对磨损行为产生重要影响。特别是，与硬度(H)和弹性模量(E)之比有关的弹性失效应变，已被许多作者证明是比单独的硬度更适合预测耐磨性的参数。目前，人们对纳米结构和纳米层涂层的发展非常感兴趣，因为可以制造出具有极端机械性能的材料（用其他方法很难合成），特别是当使用等离子体辅助真空处理技术时。到目前为止，科学研究主要是针对实现超高硬度，与之相关的高弹性模量，后者，传统断裂力学理论认为，也有利于改善磨损（通过防止裂纹扩展）。在这项研究中，我们讨论了具有高硬度和低弹性模量的纳米复合涂层的概念，它可以表现出更好的韧性，因此更适合于优化“真正的”工业基板材料（即具有类似低模量的钢和轻合金）的耐磨性。综述了近年来陶瓷-陶瓷、陶瓷-非晶和陶瓷-金属纳米复合涂层的研究进展，并从实际应用的角度进行了讨论。我们还讨论了弹性应变对失效的重要性（这与H/E有关）和断裂韧性在决定摩擦学行为方面的重要性，并介绍了金属纳米复合涂层的主题，这种涂层虽然不一定表现出极高的硬度，但当沉积在工业需要使用的基板材料上时，可能提供卓越的耐磨性。(C) 2000 Elsevier Science S.A.版权所有
Although hardness has long been regarded as a primary material property which defines wear resistance, there is strong evidence to suggest that the elastic modulus can also have an important influence on wear behaviour. In particular, the elastic strain to failure, which is related to the ratio of hardness (H) and elastic modulus (E), has been shown by a number of authors to be a more suitable parameter for predicting wear resistance than is hardness alone.There is presently considerable interest in the development of nanostructured and nanolayered coatings, due to the fact that materials with extreme mechanical properties (which are difficult to synthesise by other methods) can be created, particularly when using plasma-assisted vacuum processing techniques. Until now, scientific research has been directed mainly towards the achievement of ultra-high hardness, with associated high elastic modulus, the latter of which, conventional fracture mechanics theory would suggest, is also desirable for wear improvement (by preventing crack propagation). In this study, we discuss the concept of nanocomposite coatings with high hardness and low elastic modulus, which can exhibit improved toughness, and are therefore better suited for optimising the wear resistance of 'real' industrial substrate materials (i.e. steels and Light alloys, with similarly low moduli).Recent advances in the development of ceramic-ceramic, ceramic-amorphous and ceramic-metal nanocomposite coatings are summarised and discussed in terms of their relevance to practical applications. We also discuss the significance of elastic strain to failure (which is related to H/E) and fracture toughness in determining tribological behaviour and introduce the topic of metallic nanocomposite coatings which, although not necessarily exhibiting extreme hardness, may provide superior wear resistance when deposited on the types of substrate material which industry needs to use. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.