Efficacy of side airbags in reducing driver deaths in driver-side car and SUV collisions.
Efficacy of side airbags in reducing driver deaths in driver-side car and SUV collisions.
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DOI：
10.1080/15389580601173875
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Kyrychenko, Sergey Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCartt, Anne T;Kyrychenko, Sergey Y
目的：评估侧安全气囊在预防乘用车驾驶员侧碰撞事故中驾驶员死亡的效果。方法：计算配备侧安全气囊的汽车和suv相对于没有侧安全气囊的汽车的驾驶员侧碰撞死亡风险比。研究人员还计算了同一辆汽车前后碰撞的驾驶员死亡率，并利用这些数据来调整与侧面安全气囊无关的死亡风险差异。分别计算仅提供躯干保护的侧气囊和具有头部保护的侧气囊的风险比；几乎所有保护头部的安全气囊都有保护躯干的安全气囊。结果：驾驶员侧碰撞中驾驶员死亡风险使用头部保护气囊降低了37%，仅使用躯干侧安全气囊降低了26%。老年和年轻司机，男性和女性，小型和中型汽车司机，以及撞击车辆是SUV/皮卡或轿车/小型货车时，汽车司机的死亡风险都降低了。使用保护头部的侧面安全气囊的suv司机的死亡风险降低了52%，使用仅保护躯干的安全气囊的司机的死亡风险降低了30%。侧气囊的有效性无法评估的皮卡和小型货车，因为这些车辆的安全气囊涉及撞车。结论：侧气囊大大降低了汽车和SUV驾驶员在驾驶员侧碰撞中死亡的风险。为所有乘用车的驾驶员和右侧前排乘客提供带有头部保护的侧气囊，每年可以减少美国机动车辆事故中的死亡人数约2000人。
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the efficacy of side airbags in preventing driver deaths in passenger vehicles struck on the driver side.METHODS: Risk ratios for driver deaths per driver-side collision were computed for side airbag-equipped cars and SUVs, relative to vehicles without side airbags. Driver fatality ratios also were calculated for the same vehicles in front and rear impacts, and these were used to adjust the side crash risk ratios for differences in fatality risk unrelated to side airbags. Risk ratios were calculated separately for side airbags providing torso-only protection and side airbags with head protection; almost all head protecting airbags also had airbags protecting the torso.RESULTS: Car driver death risk in driver-side crashes was reduced by 37 percent for head protecting airbags and 26 percent for torso-only side airbags. Car driver death risk was reduced for older and younger drivers, males and females, and drivers of small and midsize cars, and when the striking vehicle was an SUV/pickup or a car/minivan. Death risk for drivers of SUVs was reduced by 52 percent with head protecting side airbags and by 30 percent with torso-only airbags. The effectiveness of side airbags could not be assessed for pickups and minivans due to the small number of these vehicles with airbags involved in crashes.CONCLUSION: Side airbags substantially reduce the risk of car and SUV driver death in driver-side collisions. Making side airbags with head protection available to drivers and right front passengers in all passenger vehicles could reduce the number of fatalities in motor vehicle crashes in the United States by about 2,000 each year.