Post-insemination sexual selection in males indirectly masculinizes the female transcriptome.
Post-insemination sexual selection in males indirectly masculinizes the female transcriptome.
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雄性的授精后性选择间接使雌性转录组男性化。
DOI：
10.1101/2023.08.09.552689
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Phillips,PatrickC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kasimatis,KatjaR;Willis,JohnH;Phillips,PatrickC
基因表达的性别特异性调控是从基本上共享的基因组产生性分化表型的最合理的方式。然而，由于遗传物质是共享的，一种性别的性别特异性选择可以在另一种性别中产生间接反应。从基因表达的角度来看，这种拴系反应可以使一种性别远离其野生型表达状态，并可能影响许多基因调控网络。在这里，使用实验进化模型线虫线虫，我们探讨了耦合的男性与转录组学反应的男性和女性的直接性选择在微进化的时间尺度，以揭示在何种程度上受精后生殖性状共享的遗传基础之间的性别。我们发现，差异基因表达进化的性别特异性的方式在男性中，而在女性中，间接选择导致进化的反应。几乎所有差异表达的基因在进化的男性和女性中都下调。此外，97%的男性显著差异表达基因和69%的女性显著差异表达基因具有野生型女性偏好的表达谱。基因表达谱的变化可能是通过性别之间共享的反式作用途径驱动的。我们没有发现任何证据表明核心剂量补偿机制受到实验进化的影响。总之，这些数据表明男性转录组的去女性化和女性转录组的男性化是由对男性精子竞争能力的直接选择驱动的。我们的研究结果表明，在短的进化时间尺度上，性选择可以在表达空间中产生假定的性冲突。
Sex-specific regulation of gene expression is the most plausible way for generating sexually differentiated phenotypes from an essentially shared genome. However, since genetic material is shared, sex-specific selection in one sex can have an indirect response in the other sex. From a gene expression perspective, this tethered response can move one sex away from their wild-type expression state and potentially impact many gene regulatory networks. Here, using experimental evolution in the model nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans, we explore the coupling of direct sexual selection on males with the transcriptomic response in males and females over microevolutionary timescales to uncover the extent to which postinsemination reproductive traits share a genetic basis between the sexes. We find that differential gene expression evolved in a sex-specific manner in males, while in females, indirect selection causes an evolved response. Almost all differentially expressed genes were downregulated in both evolved males and females. Moreover, 97% of significantly differentially expressed genes in males and 69% of significantly differentially expressed genes in females have wild-type female-biased expression profile. Changes in gene expression profiles were likely driven throughtrans-acting pathways that are shared between the sexes. We found no evidence that the core dosage compensation machinery was impacted by experimental evolution. Together, these data suggest a defeminization of the male transcriptome and masculinization of the female transcriptome driven by direct selection on male sperm competitive ability. Our results indicate that on short evolutionary timescales, sexual selection can generate putative sexual conflict in expression space.