SPECIFICITY AND INACTIVATION OF TRAIL PHEROMONE IN LASIUS FULIGINOSUS LATR AND ORIENTATION OF ANT WORKERS IN SCENT FIELD
SPECIFICITY AND INACTIVATION OF TRAIL PHEROMONE IN LASIUS FULIGINOSUS LATR AND ORIENTATION OF ANT WORKERS IN SCENT FIELD
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00303068
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发表时间：
1967-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
HANGART.W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HANGART.W
L. fuliginosus的痕迹物质既不是群体特有的，也不是阶层特有的。蚁甲亚科的所有被试物种都在直肠壶腹中积累它们的踪迹物质。工蜂能解释除黄乳杆菌外的所有蚁毒残留物质，但它们自身直肠壶腹的分泌物不能被其他被测物种理解。因此，L. fuliginosus的痕迹物质具有高度的物种特异性。这种特异性与测试溶液的浓度无关。在纯氧、热或氢氧化钠的作用下，L. fuliginosus中痕量物质的活性会丧失。然而，它被证明对大气中的氧气和阳光的影响是稳定的。人造尾迹作用的持续时间取决于所用物质的体积和表面的孔隙率。失活的痕迹可以用水或其他溶剂润湿后重新激活。但是，如果在整个失活时间内阻止小径变干，则此重新激活失败。通过对单侧切除或交叉触角的动物的研究，有可能在跟踪过程中证明渗透向性。在单侧天线截肢后，沿人工轨迹和弥漫气味场观察到明显的转向完整侧的趋势。这种转向倾向随着试验物质溶液浓度的增加而增加。具有交叉触须的动物总是进入单侧气味t形路径中没有气味的部分。当工蚁被允许沿着两条路径行走时，其中一边突然变弱，观察到，通过不对称地将触角尖端放置在气味路径上，动物可以检测到左右浓度的差异。
The trail substance of L. fuliginosus is neither colony nor caste specific. All tested species of the subfamily Formicinae accumulate their trail substance in the rectal ampulla. The fuliginosus workers can interpret all formicine trail substances with the exception of that from L. flavus, but the secretions in their own rectal ampullae can be understood by none of the other species tested. The trail substance of L. fuliginosus is, therefore, highly species specific. This specificity is independent of the concentration of the test solution. The activity of the trail substance from L. fuliginosus can be lost through the action of pure oxygen, heat or sodium hydroxide. However, it proved to be stable against the effects of atmospheric oxygen and sunlight. The duration of action of an artificial trail is dependent on the volume of substance employed and the porosity of the surface. An inactivated trail can be reactivated by moistening with water or other solvents. This reactivation fails, however, when the trail is prevented from drying out during the entire inactivation time. Through studies with animals whose antennae had been unilaterally amputated or crossed, it was possible to demonstrate osmotropotaxis during trail following. After unilateral antenna amputation, a clear veering tendency toward the intact side was observed along the artificial trail as well as in the diffuse scent field. This veering tendency was noted to increase with increasing concentration of the trail substance solution. Animals with crossed antennae consistently entered the scent-free arm of a unilaterally scented T-path. When workers were allowed to follow a double trail, one side of which became suddenly weaker, it was observed that by asymmetric placing of the antenna tips in the scent path the animals could detect a concentration difference between left and right.