Urate Transport: Regulators of Serum Urate Levels in Humans
Urate Transport: Regulators of Serum Urate Levels in Humans
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DOI：
10.2174/157339711795305059
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Fukutomi, Toshiyuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anzai, Naohiko;Jutabha, Promsuk;Fukutomi, Toshiyuki
尿酸盐（尿酸）是嘌呤代谢的最终产物，其抗氧化能力最近因其对氧化应激的保护作用而引起关注。然而，已知高尿酸血症与痛风和心血管疾病等疾病的发作有关。已知肾脏尿酸盐转运机制是血清尿酸盐水平的主要决定因素，但涉及的分子机制尚未完全阐明。2002年，我们的研究小组对肾脏特异性尿酸盐转运蛋白SLC 22 A12（URAT 1）进行了分子鉴定，这标志着随后对肾脏转运尿酸盐的几种不同分子的信息汇编的开始。此外，最近的全基因组关联（GWA）研究有助于检测与尿酸代谢相关的新候选基因，如SLC 2A 9（GLUT 9/URATv 1），ABCG 2（BCRP），SLC 17 A1（NPT 1），SLC 17 A3（NPT 4）和PDZK 1。此外，使用Slc 22 a12和Slc 2a 9的尿酸盐转运蛋白基因修饰的小鼠可以为理解每个转运蛋白的生理作用提供线索。本报告介绍了最近关于尿酸盐转运的研究结果，重点是与血清尿酸盐紊乱的关系。
Urate (uric acid) is the final product of purine metabolism, and its antioxidant capacity has drawn attention recently for its protective role against oxidative stress. However, hyperuricemia has a known association with onset of illnesses such as gout and cardiovascular diseases. Renal urate transport mechanisms are known to be major determinants of serum urate levels, but the molecular mechanisms involved have not yet been fully elucidated. Molecular identification of a kidney-specific urate transporter SLC22A12 (URAT1) by our research group in 2002 marked the start of a subsequent compilation of information on several different molecules contributing to urate transport by the kidneys. In addition, recent genome-wide association (GWA) studies have contributed to the detection of novel candidate genes related to uric acid metabolism such as SLC2A9 (GLUT9/URATv1), ABCG2 (BCRP), SLC17A1 (NPT1), SLC17A3 (NPT4) and PDZK1. Furthermore, use of urate transporter gene-modified mice for Slc22a12 and Slc2a9 may provide clues for understanding the physiological role of each transporter. Results of recent studies on urate transport with emphasis on the relation to serum urate disorders are described in this report.