The Trans-Visible Navigator: A See-Through Neuronavigation System Using Augmented Reality
The Trans-Visible Navigator: A See-Through Neuronavigation System Using Augmented Reality
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DOI：
10.1016/j.wneu.2015.11.084
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Yamaguchi, Takashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Watanabe, Eiju;Satoh, Makoto;Yamaguchi, Takashi
导读：神经导航仪已成为脑外科手术中不可缺少的设备，它以点对点导航的方式工作。由于位置信息显示在个人电脑（PC）显示器上，因此外科医生需要旋转磁共振成像/计算机断层扫描的尺寸以匹配手术场。此外，他们必须经常在手术视野和电脑显示器之间交替注视。目的：为了克服这些困难，我们开发了一种基于增强现实的全手术室跟踪导航系统。方法：利用平板电脑进行可视化。患者的头部由平板电脑背面的摄像头拍摄。从磁共振成像/计算机断层扫描中提取颅内结构的三维图像，并叠加在头部的视频图像上。当从头部周围的各个方向观察时，颅内结构以相机方向对应的角度显示，从而给外科医生一种透过头部看东西的感觉。采用带有6个摄像头的VICON跟踪系统实现整个手术室的跟踪。结果：幻影研究显示空间分辨率约为1mm。本系统在6例肿瘤切除手术患者中进行了评估，结果表明该系统可用于规划皮肤切口、开颅和浅表肿瘤定位。结论：与传统的点对点导航相比，本系统的主要优点是实现了体导航。它将增强现实图像直接扩展到真实的手术图像上，从而帮助外科医生直观地整合这两个维度。
INTRODUCTION: The neuronavigator has become indispensable for brain surgery and works in the manner of point-to-point navigation. Because the positional information is indicated on a personal computer (PC) monitor, surgeons are required to rotate the dimension of the magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography scans to match the surgical field. In addition, they must frequently alternate their gaze between the surgical field and the PC monitor.OBJECTIVE: To overcome these difficulties, we developed an augmented reality-based navigation system with whole-operation-room tracking.METHODS: A tablet PC is used for visualization. The patient's head is captured by the back-face camera of the tablet. Three-dimensional images of intracranial structures are extracted from magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography and are superimposed on the video image of the head. When viewed from various directions around the head, intracranial structures are displayed with corresponding angles as viewed from the camera direction, thus giving the surgeon the sensation of seeing through the head. Whole-operation-room tracking is realized using a VICON tracking system with 6 cameras.RESULTS: A phantom study showed a spatial resolution of about 1 mm. The present system was evaluated in 6 patients who underwent tumor resection surgery, and we showed that the system is useful for planning skin incisions as well as craniotomy and the localization of superficial tumors.CONCLUSIONS: The main advantage of the present system is that it achieves volumetric navigation in contrast to conventional point-to-point navigation. It extends augmented reality images directly onto real surgical images, thus helping the surgeon to integrate these 2 dimensions intuitively.