How erosion shapes dynamic Quaternary mountain environments: A review
How erosion shapes dynamic Quaternary mountain environments: A review
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DOI：
10.1016/j.qsa.2023.100071
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发表时间：
2023-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Abhik Chakraborty
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Abhik Chakraborty
侵蚀是第四纪山地地形和地貌/景观异质性的关键驱动力。虽然不确定性持续侵蚀和隆起之间的精确关系，一些最近的研究汇聚在重要的见解，侵蚀是有影响力的，在短期到中期尺度的地质时间，并已特别加强了定期发作和消退的冰川在第四纪山区环境。在这里，这些见解进行审查，特别侧重于山区的地理多样性和冰川albuzzsaw和关键锥形楔形机制。从这些研究中得出的主要见解是：（一）第四纪的周期性冰川事件提供了强烈的侵蚀脉冲，塑造了山区地形;（二）冰川侵蚀是非线性的，其特征在一定程度上可能是特定地点的;（三）侵蚀与一系列复杂的深层地球和大气过程相结合;冰川作用导致了持续的不平衡状态，驱动了地貌/景观异质性和生态位/生境的形成。因此，侵蚀与第四纪山区环境的高度地理多样性有关，而这反过来又支持了高度的物种特有性和生物多样性。然而，近几十年来，普遍的人为影响已经影响了山区侵蚀的自然范围。在此背景下，山区环境的侵蚀需要被理解为一项至关重要的地球遗产，它为生物圈和人类社会提供了许多至关重要的好处。
Erosion is a key driver of mountain topography and landform/landscape heterogeneity in the Quaternary. While uncertainty persists on the precise relationship between erosion and uplift, a number of recent studies converge on the important insight that erosion is influential at short to intermediate scales of geological time—and has been particularly enhanced by periodic onset and retreat of glaciation in Quaternary mountain environments. Here, those insights are reviewed with particular focus on mountain geodiversity and on theglacialbuzzsaw andcritically tapered wedgemechanisms. The key insights derived from these studies are: (i) periodic glaciation episodes in the Quaternary have provided strong pulses of erosion shaping mountain topography; (ii) glacial erosion is nonlinear and its characteristics may be location-specific to an extent; (iii) erosion operates in tandem with a complex set of deep earth and atmospheric processes; and (iv) glacial processes have led to persistentdisequilibrium statesthat drive landform/landscape heterogeneity and niche/habitat formation. Accordingly, erosion is implicated in the high geodiversity of Quaternary mountain environments, which in turn supports high species endemism and biodiversity. However, in the recent decades, pervasive anthropogenic influence has influenced the natural range of erosion in mountains. Against this backdrop, erosion in mountain environments needs to be understood as a fundamentally important earth heritage that provides numerous vital benefits to the biosphere and the human society.