Frontostriatal microstructure modulates efficient recruitment of cognitive control
Frontostriatal microstructure modulates efficient recruitment of cognitive control
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhj003
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发表时间：
2006-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Casey, BJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liston, C;Watts, R;Casey, BJ
许多研究将额纹状体网络的活动与抑制不适当的想法和行为的能力联系起来，但相对较少的研究这些结构之间的连接作用。在这里，我们使用扩散张量成像来评估21名受试者（年龄7-31岁）的额纹状体连接。15名受试者进行了一项去/不去任务的测试，他们对视觉刺激的反应是按下按钮，并抑制对第二个不常见刺激的反应。使用自动纤维跟踪算法描绘腹侧前额叶皮质和纹状体附近的白色纤维以及皮质脊髓束，预期其本身不会对控制产生影响。随着年龄的增长，额纹状体和皮质脊髓束的扩散变得更加受限。这种转变是由任务执行效率的提高所掩盖的。额纹径向扩散率预测反应时间更快，与年龄和准确性无关，并且对于预计需要更大控制的试验，这种相关性变得更强。这在皮质脊髓束中未观察到。在与任务执行速度相匹配的试验中，成年人的准确性明显更高，准确性与额纹状体弥散系数相关，但与皮质脊髓弥散系数无关。这些研究结果表明，额纹状体连接可能有助于发展和个体差异的有效招聘的认知控制。
Many studies have linked activity in a frontostriatal network with the capacity to suppress inappropriate thoughts and actions, but relatively few have examined the role of connectivity between these structures. Here, we use diffusion tensor imaging to assess frontostriatal connectivity in 21 subjects (ages 7-31 years). Fifteen subjects were tested on a go/no-go task, where they responded with a button press to a visual stimulus and inhibited a response to a second infrequent stimulus. An automated fiber tracking algorithm was used to delineate white matter fibers adjacent to ventral prefrontal cortex and the striatum, and the corticospinal tract, which was not expected to contribute to control per se. Diffusion in frontostriatal and corticospinal tracts became more restricted with age. This shift was paralleled by an increase in efficiency of task performance. Frontostriatal radial diffusivities predicted faster reaction times, independent of age and accuracy, and this correlation grew stronger for trials expected to require greater control. This was not observed in the corticospinal tract. On trials matched for speed of task performance, adults were significantly more accurate, and accuracies were correlated with frontostriatal, but not corticospinal, diffusivities. These findings suggest that frontostriatal connectivity may contribute to developmental and individual differences in the efficient recruitment of cognitive control.