Three Ways to Kill Innocent Bystanders: Some Conundrums Concerning the Morality of War
Three Ways to Kill Innocent Bystanders: Some Conundrums Concerning the Morality of War
复制标题
杀害无辜旁观者的三种方法：有关战争道德的一些难题
DOI：
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发表时间：
1985
影响因子：
0.4
通讯作者：
E. Mack
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Mack
1.引言这篇文章涉及的是允许杀害无辜的硬话题。这个话题与战争道德的相关性是显而易见的。即使是最具防御性和正义性的战争，对现有的或即将到来的大规模侵略的最防御性和公正的反应，将对无辜的旁观者造成伤害，特别是造成死亡。最明显和最相关的例子是无辜的苏联非战斗人员，即使是对苏联战略武器或部队编队的最精确的防御性打击也会杀死他们。如果没有任何证据证明，或者至少没有任何理由杀害这些无辜的旁观者，那么道德将决定，即使是针对大规模袭击的防御性反击措施也应该放弃。
1. Introduction This essay deals with the hard topic of the permissible killing of the innocent. The relevance of this topic to the morality of war is obvious. For even the most defensive and just wars, i.e., the most defensive and just responses to existing or imminent large-scale aggression, will inflict harm upon – in particular, cause the deaths of – innocent bystanders.1 The most obvious and relevant example is that of innocent Soviet noncombatants who would be killed by even the most precise defensive strike against Soviet strategic weapons or troop formations that is now possible. Should there be no vindication or, at least, no excuse for some killings of such innocent bystanders, morality would dictate that even defensive counterforce measures against largescale attacks should be renounced.