SEX-DIFFERENCES IN DEPRESSION - A ROLE FOR PREEXISTING ANXIETY
SEX-DIFFERENCES IN DEPRESSION - A ROLE FOR PREEXISTING ANXIETY
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DOI：
10.1016/0165-1781(95)02765-o
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发表时间：
1995-09-08
影响因子：
11.3
通讯作者：
PETERSON, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BRESLAU, N;SCHULTZ, L;PETERSON, E
分析了焦虑障碍在抑郁症性别差异发展中的作用。数据来自密歇根州底特律地区年轻人的纵向流行病学研究。根据DSM-III-R修订的诊断性访谈时间表在基线时用于测量终生精神疾病，并在随访时用于测量自基线评估以来3.5年间隔内的精神疾病。与以前的报告一致，终生患病率的重性抑郁症是近两倍，在女性比男性。性别差异主要表现在抑郁症合并焦虑症。Cox比例风险模型的结果，与时间相关的协变量，表明先前的焦虑障碍增加了随后的抑郁症的风险在两种性别，没有证据的相互作用，焦虑障碍的历史，包括以前的焦虑障碍的数量，占了相当大的一部分，观察到的性别差异，在抑郁症。控制先前的焦虑减少了50%以上的系数，估计性别和重度抑郁症之间的关联。研究结果表明，在生命早期，女性焦虑症的发生率高于男性，这在很大程度上可以解释女性患重度抑郁症的风险较高。他们强调需要进一步研究焦虑症的性别差异。
The role of anxiety disorders in the development of sex differences in major depression is analyzed. Data come from a longitudinal epidemiologic study of young adults in the Detroit, Michigan area. The Diagnostic Interview Schedule, revised according to DSM-III-R, was used at baseline to measure lifetime psychiatric disorders and at follow-up to measure psychiatric disorders during the 3.5-year interval since baseline assessment. Consistent with previous reports, the lifetime prevalence of major depression was nearly two-fold higher in females than in males. The sex difference was primarily in major depression comorbid with anxiety disorders. Results from Cox-proportional hazards models, with time-dependent covariates, showed that prior anxiety disorder increased the risk for subsequent major depression in both sexes, with no evidence of an interaction, History of anxiety disorder, including number of prior anxiety disorders, accounted for a considerable part of the observed sex difference in major depression. Controlling for prior anxiety reduced by more than 50% the coefficient that estimates the association between gender and major depression. The results suggest that the higher occurrence of anxiety disorders in females than males beginning early in life might explain in large part the higher female risk for major depression. They emphasize the need for further research on sex differences in anxiety disorders.