Structural alignment in induction and similarity.
Structural alignment in induction and similarity.
复制标题
归纳和相似性中的结构对齐。
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.22.3.754
复制
发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lassaline,ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lassaline,ME
根据结构对齐观点，代表性共性有助于感知相似性，而与共性相关的非共享属性是归纳中的候选推理。这一观点在5个实验中得到了验证。新的动物对在它们共有的属性和关系的数量上有所不同，用来评估归纳和相似性之间的关系。在实验1和实验2中，共有属性的数量和属性之间存在的两种因果关系是不同的。共享属性增加了对相似性和归纳强度的判断。两种动物共同拥有的因果关系影响感知的相似性，但在归纳任务中将共同属性与候选推理联系起来的约束性因果关系对归纳强度是重要的。在实验3-5中，通过使用非因果关系和熟悉的动物类别，这些结果得到了扩展。
According to a structural alignment view, representational commonalities contribute to the perception of similarity, whereas nonshared attributes related to commonalities are candidate inferences in induction. This view was tested in 5 experiments. Novel animal pairs varying in the number of attributes and relations they shared were used to assess the relationship between induction and similarity. In Experiments 1 and 2, the number of shared attributes and the presence of 2 kinds of causal relations between attributes varied. Shared attributes increased both similarity and inductive strength judgments. Shared causal relations, possessed by both animals, influenced perceived similarity, but binding causal relations, which connected a shared attribute to a candidate inference in the induction task, were important for inductive strength. In Experiments 3–5, these results were extended through use of a noncausal relation and familiar animal categories.