Anti-science Misinformation and Conspiracies: COVID-19, Post-truth, and Science & Technology Studies (STS)
Anti-science Misinformation and Conspiracies: COVID-19, Post-truth, and Science & Technology Studies (STS)
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DOI：
10.1177/09717218211003413
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发表时间：
2021-04-15
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Prasad, Amit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Prasad, Amit
COVID-19不仅导致全球近250万人死亡，还催生了一场错误信息和阴谋的大流行。在这篇文章中，我研究了美国的COVID-19错误信息和阴谋。这些错误的信息和阴谋通常被认为是反科学的。我认为，尽管反驳虚假信息并阻止其传播很重要，但社会科学家需要分析这些反科学主张是如何被话语化地构建和解释的。具体来说，我展示了如何利用科学和科学家的可信度的反科学阴谋的框架。我还探讨了COVID-19的错误信息和阴谋如何在不同的社会群体中被赋予不同的含义。本文分为三个部分。在第一部分中，我分析了Plandemic视频的话语性使用，该视频让Judy Mikovits博士提出了几个COVID-19阴谋论，并在从主要社交媒体平台上删除之前传播开来。我展示了视频是如何利用科学、科学家和科学期刊的可信度来提出反对接种疫苗、戴口罩、等等。第二部分探讨了非洲人如何解读COVID-19错误信息和阴谋-通过借鉴美国黑人社区的历史经验，以及他们的解释如何与白色社区对COVID-19错误信息和阴谋的解读。最后一节分析了STS在参与反科学和后真相问题中的作用，并强调了挖掘当前家谱的必要性，即使是关于错误信息和阴谋。
COVID-19 has not only resulted in nearly two and a half million deaths globally but it has also spawned a pandemic of misinformation and conspiracies. In this article I examine COVID-19 misinformation and conspiracies in the United States (US). These misinformation and conspiracies have been commonly argued to be anti-science. I argue, although it is important to rebut false information and stop their spread, social scientists need to analyse how such anti-science claims are discursively framed and interpreted. Specifically, I show how the framing of the anti-science conspiracies utilise the credibility of science and scientists. I also explore how the COVID-19 misinformation and conspiracies were given different meaning among different social groups. The article is divided into three sections. In the first section I analyse the discursive emplotment of the Plandemic video that had Dr Judy Mikovits presenting several COVID-19 conspiracy theories and went viral before it was taken down from major social media platforms. I show how the video draws on the credibility of science, scientists, and scientific journals to present misinformation and conspiracies claims against vaccination, mask wearing, etc. The second section explores how COVID-19 misinformation and conspiracies were interpreted among the African-American community by drawing on the history of black community's experiences in the US and as such how their interpretations stand in contrast to the interpretations of the COVID-19 misinformation and conspiracies among the White community. The last section analyses the role of STS in engaging with anti-science and post-truth issues and emphasises the need to excavate genealogies of the present even with regard to misinformation and conspiracies.