Unlocking the combination: potentiation of radiation-induced antitumor responses with immunotherapy.
Unlocking the combination: potentiation of radiation-induced antitumor responses with immunotherapy.
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DOI：
10.1667/rr13374.1
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发表时间：
2014-08
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Hodge JW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wattenberg MM;Fahim A;Ahmed MM;Hodge JW
There is increasing evidence of the potential for radiation therapy to generate antitumor immune responses. The mechanisms of this immune-activating potential include actions on tumor cells such as immunogenic cell death and phenotypic change. Radiation modulates tumor cell surface expression of cell death receptors, tumor-associated antigens and adhesion molecules. This process of immunomodulation sensitizes tumor cells to immune-mediated killing. Radiation also affects immune compartments, including antigen-presenting cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes and humoral immunity, leading to specific antitumor immune responses. Recognizing the importance of immunity as a potentiator of response to radiation leads to rational augmentation of antitumor immunity by combining radiation and immunotherapy. Targeted immunotherapy manipulates the immune system in a way that best synergizes with radiation. This article discusses the ability of radiation monotherapy to induce antitumor immunity, with a focus on the effect of radiation on antigen-presenting cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. We define two important responses generated by tumor cells, immunogenic cell death and immunomodulation, both of which are radiation dose-dependent. In conclusion, we describe the translation of several combination therapies from the preclinical to the clinical setting and identify opportunities for further exploration.
