BRONCHUS-ASSOCIATED LYMPHOID-TISSUE
BRONCHUS-ASSOCIATED LYMPHOID-TISSUE
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DOI：
10.1159/000233736
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
BIENENSTOCK, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BIENENSTOCK, J
呼吸道含有大量的淋巴组织。1958年，Askonas和Humphrey b[1]证明，肺免疫可引起局部和全身的显著免疫反应。他们发现，用肺炎球菌抗原进行静脉注射免疫后，肺部产生的抗体合成比所有淋巴结的抗体合成总和还要多。虽然这些结果现在可能被解释为表明免疫时肺中已经存在的淋巴组织局部产生抗体，但这些实验中相当数量的这种抗体可能是由循环细胞流入产生的。尽管我们创造了术语BALT（支气管相关淋巴组织）[3-6]，但回顾起来，它可能在100多年前就被描述了。在我们看来，BALT以聚集、滤泡和孤立滤泡形式存在于整个肺部。为了被称为BALT，它必须在某一点上被一个特殊的淋巴上皮覆盖，该淋巴上皮将淋巴组织与气道分开。其他可能在肺中以不同程度存在的淋巴样组织不包括在BALT术语下。1875年克莱因发表了一篇关于肺淋巴系统解剖学的详细描述。这本书包含了一些有趣的BALT图纸（图1）。他还首次提出，支气管壁上的淋巴滤泡“类似于其他粘膜（如扁桃体和肠道）中的淋巴滤泡”。在此描述之后，许多工作者回顾并描述了dif下肺中的淋巴组织
The respiratory tract contains significant amounts of lymphoid tissue. Immunization of the lung can re sult in significant immune responses both locally and systemically as was shown by Askonas and Humphrey [1] in 1958. They showed that intravenous immuniza tion with pneumococcal antigens produced more an tibody synthesis in the lungs than in all the lymph nodes together. While these results would now be in terpreted to indicate local production of antibody by lymphoid tissue already present at the time of immu nization in the lungs, a considerable amount of such antibody in these experiments was probably pro duced by the influx of circulating cells [2], Although we coined the term BALT (for bronchusassociated lymphoid tissue)[3-6], in retrospect, it was probably described more than 100 years ago [7]. In our view the BALT exists in aggregate, follicular and solitary-follicular form throughout the lung. In order to be termed BALT it must be covered at some point by a specialized lymphoepithelium which separates the lymphoid tissue from the airways. Other lymph oid tissue which may be present to a variable extent in the lung is not included under the term BALT. In 1875 Klein [7] published an extensive descrip tion of the anatomy of the lymphatic system of the lung. This book contains some interesting drawings of BALT (fig. 1). He also made the first remarks suggest ing that the lymphoid follicles in the bronchial walls were'analogous to the lymph follicles found in other mucous membranes eg tonsils and in the intes tine...'. After this description many workers reviewed and described lymphoid tissue in the lungs under dif