The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on within- and cross-paradigm transfer following multi-session backward recall training
The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on within- and cross-paradigm transfer following multi-session backward recall training
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105552
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Holmes, Joni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Byrne, Elizabeth M.;Ewbank, Michael P.;Holmes, Joni
经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）已被证明可以提高工作记忆（WM）训练的有效性和概括性，但很少有系统的研究如何将特定任务的WM训练与刺激相结合，更具体地影响转移到未经训练的任务。这项随机对照试验研究了迁移的边界条件，首先测试了向后数字回忆（BDR）训练的益处是否扩展到未经训练的向后回忆任务和不同材料的n-back任务，其次测试了tDCS增强的迁移形式。48名参与者被分配到三种条件之一：BDR训练与阳极（10分钟，1毫安）或假tDCS，或视觉搜索训练与假tDCS，应用于左背外侧前额叶皮层。在三次训练和刺激后，对内（数字、字母和空间位置的向后回忆）和跨范式（数字和字母的n-回）转移测试进行评估。任务训练收益被发现，转移到其他落后的跨度，但不是n-back任务。几乎没有证据表明tDCS增强了任务培训或转移。这些研究结果表明，培训增强了WM内的范式特定的过程，但tDCS并没有提高这些收益。
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to enhance the efficacy and generalisation of working memory (WM) training, but there has been little systematic investigation into how coupling task-specific WM training with stimulation impacts more specifically on transfer to untrained tasks. This randomised controlled trial investigated the boundary conditions to transfer by testing firstly whether the benefits of training on backward digit recall (BDR) extend to untrained backward recall tasks and n-back tasks with different materials, and secondly which, if any, form of transfer is enhanced by tDCS. Forty-eight participants were allocated to one of three conditions: BDR training with anodal (10 min, 1 mA) or sham tDCS, or visual search training with sham tDCS, applied over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Transfer was assessed on within- (backward recall with digits, letters, and spatial locations) and cross-paradigm (n-back with digits and letters) transfer tests following three sessions of training and stimulation. On-task training gains were found, with transfer to other backward span but not n-back tasks. There was little evidence that tDCS enhanced on-task training or transfer. These findings indicate that training enhances paradigm-specific processes within WM, but that tDCS does not enhance these gains.