Ginsenoside Rb2 Alleviates Obesity by Activation of Brown Fat and Induction of Browning of White Fat
Ginsenoside Rb2 Alleviates Obesity by Activation of Brown Fat and Induction of Browning of White Fat
复制标题
人参皂苷Rb2通过激活棕色脂肪以及诱导白色脂肪棕色化来缓解肥胖
DOI：
10.3389/fendo.2019.00153
复制
发表时间：
2019-03-15
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Gu, Xuejiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hong, Yilian;Lin, Yi;Gu, Xuejiang
人参皂苷Rb 2（Ginsenoside Rb 2，Rb 2）是人参中含量最丰富的皂苷类化合物，已被用于治疗多种代谢性疾病。然而，其在肥胖症中的作用和潜在机制还不清楚。在本研究中，我们研究了饮食诱导的肥胖（DIO）小鼠补充Rb 2的代谢性能，重点是Rb 2对棕色和米色脂肪功能的影响和机制。我们的研究结果表明，Rb 2有效地降低体重，改善胰岛素敏感性，以及诱导能量消耗在DIO小鼠。组织学和基因分析表明，Rb 2通过减少脂滴、刺激解偶联蛋白1（UCP 1）染色、增加产热基因和线粒体基因的表达，诱导棕色脂肪的活化和白色脂肪的布朗宁，这些作用在3 T3-L1、C3 H10 T1/2和原代脂肪细胞中均可重现。此外，Rb 2在体外和体内均诱导AMP活化蛋白激酶（AMPK）的磷酸化。这些作用被证明依赖于AMPK，因为其抑制剂阻断Rb 2诱导Pgc 1 α和Ucp 1的表达。总体而言，本研究揭示了Rb 2激活棕色脂肪并诱导白色脂肪的布朗宁，这增加了能量消耗和产热，从而改善肥胖和代谢紊乱。这些表明Rb 2在治疗肥胖方面有希望。
Ginsenoside Rb2 (Rb2), the most abundant saponin contained in Panax ginseng, has been used to treat variety of metabolic diseases. However, its effects in obesity and potential mechanisms are not well-understood. In the present study, we investigated metabolic performance with a Rb2 supplement in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, focusing on the effects and mechanisms of Rb2 on brown and beige fat functions. Our results demonstrated that Rb2 effectively reduced body weight, improved insulin sensitivity, as well as induced energy expenditure in DIO mice. Histological and gene analysis revealed that Rb2 induced activation of brown fat and browning of white fat by reducing lipid droplets, stimulating uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) staining, and increasing expression of thermogenic and mitochondrial genes, which could be recapitulated in 3T3-L1, C3H10T1/2, and primary adipocytes. In addition, Rb2 induced phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) both in vitro and in vivo. These effects were shown to be dependent on AMPK since its inhibitor blocked Rb2 from inducing expressions of Pgc1 alpha and Ucp1. Overall, the present study revealed that Rb2 activated brown fat and induced browning of white fat, which increased energy expenditure and thermogenesis, and consequently ameliorated obesity and metabolic disorders. These suggest that Rb2 holds promise in treating obesity.