Effectiveness of barriers at suicide jumping sites: a case study
Effectiveness of barriers at suicide jumping sites: a case study
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DOI：
10.1080/0004867010060501
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发表时间：
2001-10-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Beautrais, AL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beautrais, AL
目的：1996年，澳大利亚一个大都市区的中心城市桥上的自杀安全屏障在安装了60年后被拆除。这座桥是一个已知的自杀地点，毗邻该地区最大的医院，其中包括一个急性住院精神病病房。本文探讨的影响，这些障碍对自杀率的去除。方法：从1992年至2000年，从区域城市警察问讯处获得的数据，从桥上跳下自杀死亡。1992年至1998年，从国家卫生统计数据库中获得了有关大都市地区其他地点跳楼自杀死亡的数据。从1994年到1998年，从一个国家数据库中提取了每个自杀死亡的病例历史数据，这些数据来自于一个国家数据库中的冠状动脉文件。结果：安全屏障的去除导致了从桥上跳下自杀的人数和自杀率的立即和大幅增加。在拆除隔离墙后的4年里（与前4年相比），自杀人数大幅增加，从3人增加到15人（卡方（2）= 8，df = 1，p < 0.01）;自杀死亡率也增加了（χ（2）= 6.6，df = 1，p < 0.01）。安全屏障拆除后从桥上跳下身亡的大多数人是患有精神病的年轻男性精神病患者。拆除障碍后，从桥的自杀率跳在大都市地区的问题并没有改变，但自杀模式跳在城市发生了显着变化，更多的自杀者从桥的问题，更少在其他sites.Conclusions：从已知的自杀现场拆除安全屏障导致自杀死亡人数大幅增加，从该网站跳。这些发现似乎加强了在自杀地点安装安全屏障以防止自杀死亡的理由，并建议在拆除已知跳楼地点的屏障时要格外小心。
Objectives: Suicide safety barriers were removed from a central city bridge in an Australasian metropolitan area in 1996 after having been in place for 60 years. The bridge is a known suicide site and is located adjacent to the region's largest hospital, which includes an acute inpatient psychiatric unit. This paper examines the impact of the removal of these barriers on suicide rates.Method: Data for suicide deaths by jumping from the bridge in question, from 1992 to 2000, were obtained from the regional City Police Inquest Office. Data for suicide deaths by jumping from other sites in the metropolitan area in question, from 1992 to 1998, were obtained from the national health statistics database. Case history data about each suicide death by jumping in the metropolitan area in question, from 1994 to 1998, were abstracted from coronial files held by a national database.Results: Removal of safety barriers led to an immediate and substantial increase in both the numbers and rate of suicide by jumping from the bridge in question. In the 4 years following the removal of the barriers (compared with the previous 4 years) the number of suicides increased substantially, from three to 15 (chi(2) = 8, df = 1, p < 0.01); the rate of such deaths increased also (χ(2) = 6.6, df = 1, p < 0.01). The majority of those who died by jumping from the bridge following the removal of the safety barriers were young male psychiatric patients, with psychotic illnesses. Following the removal of the barriers from the bridge the rate of suicide by jumping in the metropolitan area in question did not change but the pattern of suicides by jumping in the city changed significantly with more suicides from the bridge in question and fewer at other sites.Conclusions: Removal of safety barriers from a known suicide site led to a substantial increase in the numbers of suicide deaths by jumping from that site. These findings appear to strengthen the case for installation of safety barriers at suicide sites in efforts to prevent suicide deaths, and also suggest the need for extreme caution about the removal of barriers from known jumping sites.