Digital image georeferencing from a multiple camera system by GPS/INS
Digital image georeferencing from a multiple camera system by GPS/INS
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DOI：
10.1016/s0924-2716(01)00030-2
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发表时间：
2001-06-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Schwarz, KP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mostafa, MMR;Schwarz, KP
本文介绍了一种用于数字测图数据采集的机载全数字多传感器系统的研制和测试。该系统采集两个数据流，即导航（地理参考）数据和成像数据。导航数据是由精密捷联惯性导航系统和差分GPS系统（DGPS）组合而成。成像数据是由两个低成本的数码相机，以这样的方式配置，以减少其几何限制。这两个摄像机捕捉重叠的最低点和倾斜图像带。GPS/INS导出的弹道包含了载机的全部平移和旋转运动。因此，在后处理期间，从轨迹提取图像外部方位信息。该方法消除了在计算出现在系统成像部件的视场中的物体的3D位置时对地面控制（GCP）的需要。提出了两种标定系统的方法，即地面标定和空中标定。测试飞行在卡尔加里大学校园上空进行。测试该系统表明，在1：12，000平均图像比例尺下，最佳地面点定位精度为0.2英寸（RMS）（在铸造和北向）和0.3英寸（RMS）（在高度）。初步结果表明，这样一个系统在未来的主要应用领域的数字测绘，在1：5000和更小的比例，并在数字高程模型的工程应用的生成。(C)2001 Elsevier Science B. V.保留所有权利。
In this paper, the development and testing of an airborne fully digital multi-sensor system for digital mapping data acquisition is presented. The system acquires two streams of data, namely, navigation (georeferencing) data and imaging data. The navigation data are obtained by integrating an accurate strapdown inertial navigation system with a differential GPS system (DGPS). The imaging data are acquired by two low-cost digital cameras, configured in such a way so as to reduce their geometric limitations. The two cameras capture strips of overlapping nadir and oblique images. The GPS/INS-derived trajectory contains the full translational and rotational motion of the carrier aircraft. Thus, image exterior orientation information is extracted from the trajectory, during post-processing. This approach eliminates the need for ground control (GCP) when computing 3D positions of objects that appear in the field of view of the system imaging component. Two approaches for calibrating the system are presented, namely, terrestrial calibration and in-flight calibration. Test flights were conducted over the campus of The University of Calgary. Testing the system showed that best ground point positioning accuracy at 1:12,000 average image scale is 0.2 in (RMS) in casting and northing and 0.3 in (RMS) in height. Preliminary results indicate that major applications of such a system in the future are in the field of digital mapping, at scales of 1:5000 and smaller, and in the generation of digital elevation models for engineering applications. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.