Onset hyperalgesia and offset analgesia: Transient increases or decreases of noxious thermal stimulus intensity robustly modulate subsequent perceived pain intensity.
Onset hyperalgesia and offset analgesia: Transient increases or decreases of noxious thermal stimulus intensity robustly modulate subsequent perceived pain intensity.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0231124
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Fields HL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alter BJ;Aung MS;Strigo IA;Fields HL
报告的疼痛强度不仅取决于刺激强度，还取决于之前经历过的疼痛。如果紧接着较高的温度，施加到皮肤上的令人痛苦的高温会引起较低的主观疼痛强度，这种现象称为抵消镇痛。先前的研究表明，先前的疼痛经历也会增加随后感知的疼痛强度。因此，我们研究了当给定的有害刺激在较低温度增加之前是否会经历更强烈的刺激。使用健康志愿者受试者，我们观察到在给定刺激强度下，当该强度先于较低强度增加时，疼痛强度不成比例地增加。这种不成比例的增加与抵消镇痛的幅度相似。我们将这种效应称为痛觉过敏。控制刺激，其中有害温度保持恒定，表明痛觉过敏的发生与受体或中枢敏化不同。抵消性镇痛和发作性痛觉过敏的绝对强度彼此相关，但与有害刺激温度无关。最后，抵消镇痛和起始痛觉过敏的程度取决于之前的温度变化。总体而言，这项研究表明，有害热刺激的感知效果会受到双向影响，具体取决于前一个热刺激的强度和变化方向。
Reported pain intensity depends not only on stimulus intensity but also on previously experienced pain. A painfully hot temperature applied to the skin evokes a lower subjective pain intensity if immediately preceded by a higher temperature, a phenomenon called offset analgesia. Previous work indicated that prior pain experience can also increase subsequent perceived pain intensity. Therefore, we examined whether a given noxious stimulus is experienced as more intense when it is preceded by an increase from a lower temperature. Using healthy volunteer subjects, we observed a disproportionate increase in pain intensity at a given stimulus intensity when this intensity is preceded by a rise from a lower intensity. This disproportionate increase is similar in magnitude to that of offset analgesia. We call this effect onset hyperalgesia. Control stimuli, in which a noxious temperature is held constant, demonstrate that onset hyperalgesia is distinct from receptor or central sensitization. The absolute magnitudes of offset analgesia and onset hyperalgesia correlate with each other but not with the noxious stimulus temperature. Finally, the magnitude of both offset analgesia and onset hyperalgesia depends on preceding temperature changes. Overall, this study demonstrates that the perceptual effect of a noxious thermal stimulus is influenced in a bidirectional manner depending upon both the intensity and direction of change of the immediately preceding thermal stimulus.
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