Beyond Homo economicus:: evidence from experimental economics
Beyond Homo economicus:: evidence from experimental economics
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DOI：
10.1016/s0921-8009(00)00216-0
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发表时间：
2000-12-01
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Gintis, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gintis, H
环境政策通常基于新古典经济理论中的人类行为者模型。本文报告了实验室实验，指出了该模型的弱点，并描述了纠正这些弱点的替代模型。一项发现是，经济参与者往往是双曲线的，而不是指数贴现者，指数贴现者对近期的贴现率高于对遥远未来的贴现率。另一个发现是，经济行为者不是利己的，而是在许多情况下是强有力的互惠者，他们带着合作倾向进行战略互动，通过维持或加强合作来回应合作行为，并通过报复“冒犯者”来回应搭便车者，甚至不惜付出个人代价，甚至在没有合理预期未来个人收益会从这种报复中产生的情况下。我们讨论对政策分析的一些影响。 (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. 保留所有权利。
Environmental policies are generally based on a model of the human actor taken From neoclassical economic theory. This paper reports on laboratory experiments suggesting weaknesses in this model and describes alternative models correcting these weaknesses. One finding is that economic actors tend to be hyperbolic as opposed to exponential discounters who discount the immediate future at a higher rate than the more distant future. Another finding is that economic actors are not self-regarding, but rather in many circumstances are strong reciprocators who come to strategic interactions with a propensity to cooperate, respond to cooperative behavior by maintaining or increasing cooperation, and respond to free-riders by retaliating against the 'offenders', even at a personal cost, and even when there is no reasonable expectation that future personal gains will flow from such retaliation. We discuss some implications for policy analysis. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.