Competition Nutrition Practices of Elite Ultramarathon Runners
Competition Nutrition Practices of Elite Ultramarathon Runners
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DOI：
10.1123/ijsnem.2015-0030
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Stellingwerff, Trent
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Stellingwerff, Trent
坊间的说法表明，越来越多的超级马拉松运动员在训练时故意进行慢性低碳水化合物(CHO)生酮饮食，并在比赛中摄入非常低的CHO，以此来最大限度地提高脂肪氧化和提高成绩。然而，关于精英超级马拉松运动员为最大限度地提高比赛成绩而采取的具体加油策略的经验证据很少。这项研究的目的是描述超级马拉松精英选手的比赛营养习惯。三名经验丰富的男子超跑运动员(M+/-SD；年龄35+/-2岁；体重59.5+/-1.7公斤；16.7+/-2.5小时100英里)。最佳时间)同意完成一份针对比赛的100英里营养摄入量问卷。比赛。口头和视觉指示被用来指导运动员分量大小和确认饮食摄入量。2014年全年，运动员们参加了16场超级马拉松比赛，共取得8场胜利，其中包括享有盛誉的西部各州耐力跑100英里(14.9小时)。早餐前平均含有70+/-16克ChO、29+/-20克蛋白质和21+/-8克脂肪。运动员平均摄入1,162+/-250克CHO(71+/-20克/小时)，少量脂肪和蛋白质摄入，导致卡路里总摄入量为5,530+/-1,673千卡(333+/-105千卡/小时)，其中93%的卡路里来自商业产品。运动员还报告摄入了912+/-322毫克咖啡因和6.9+/-2.4克钠。尽管对他们的补充方法的专业营养投入有限，但所有运动员都实践了最大限度地摄入Cho的补充策略，并与当代基于证据的建议一致。
Anecdotal claims have suggested that an increasing number of ultramarathoners purposely undertake chronic low-carbohydrate (CHO) ketogenic diets while training, and race with very low CHO intakes, as a way to maximize fat oxidation and improve performance. However, very little empirical evidence exists on specific fueling strategies that elite ultramarathoners undertake to maximize race performance. The study's purpose was to characterize race nutrition habits of elite ultramarathon runners. Three veteran male ultrarunners (M +/- SD; age 35 +/- 2 years; mass 59.5 +/- 1.7 kg; 16.7 +/- 2.5 hr 100-mi. best times) agreed to complete a competition-specific nutrition intake questionnaire for 100-mi. races. Verbal and visual instructions were used to instruct the athletes on portion sizes and confirm dietary intake. Throughout 2014, the athletes competed in 16 ultramarathons with a total of 8 wins, including the prestigious Western States Endurance Run 100-miler (14.9 hr). The average prerace breakfast contained 70 +/- 16 g CHO, 29 +/- 20 g protein, and 21 +/- 8 g fat. Athletes consumed an average of 1,162 +/- 250 g of CHO (71 +/- 20g/hr), with minor fat and protein intakes, resulting in caloric intakes totaling 5,530 +/- 1,673 kcals (333 +/- 105 kcals/hr) with 93% of calories coming from commercial products. Athletes also reported consuming 912 +/- 322 mg of caffeine and 6.9 +/- 2.4 g of sodium. Despite having limited professional nutritional input into their fueling approaches, all athletes practiced fueling strategies that maximize CHO intake and are congruent with contemporary evidence-based recommendations.