Self-reported impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on diet-related behaviours and food security in five countries: results from the International Food Policy Study 2020
Self-reported impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on diet-related behaviours and food security in five countries: results from the International Food Policy Study 2020
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/nxac025
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发表时间：
2022-03-11
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Hammond, Davi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Acton, Rachel B.;Vanderlee, Lana;Hammond, Davi
2019冠状病毒病大流行影响了日常生活的许多方面，包括饮食摄入；然而，很少有研究报告其对多个国家的饮食行为和粮食安全的影响。我们研究了五个国家的COVID-19对食物行为、粮食安全和整体饮食健康的自我报告影响。方法来自澳大利亚、加拿大、墨西哥、英国和美国的18-100岁成年人（n = 20,554）于2020年11月至12月完成了一项在线调查，该调查是国际粮食政策研究的一部分，这是一项年度重复横断面调查。调查措施评估了COVID-19大流行对在家外准备食物、从餐馆送餐、在线购买杂货的感知影响，以及对食品安全和整体饮食健康的感知影响。回归模型检验了每个结果与社会人口相关因素之间的关系。在所有国家中，62%的受访者表示，由于疫情，他们减少了在家外准备的食物，而11%的受访者表示吃得更多。一些受访者表示，他们从餐馆送的食物更少了（35%），在网上购买的食品更少了（17%），而其他受访者则表示，这两种情况都有所增加（分别为19%和25%）。平均39%的人报告其粮食安全受到影响，27%的人报告其整体饮食发生了健康变化。所有结果变化最大的是墨西哥。年轻、少数民族或收入不足的参与者更有可能报告与食物相关的变化。然而，这些关系在墨西哥的受访者中往往不那么明显。受访者报告说，在大流行期间，他们的食物采购方式发生了重大变化，趋势表明，他们正在减少在家外准备的食物，总体上更健康的饮食。然而，饮食和食物行为的变化既有健康方向的，也有不健康方向的，这表明对大流行的饮食反应变化很大。
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted many aspects of daily life, including dietary intake; however, few studies have reported its impacts on dietary behaviours and food security across multiple countries. Objectives We examined self-reported impacts of COVID-19 on food behaviours, food security, and overall diet healthfulness in five countries. Methods Adults aged 18-100 years (n = 20,554) in Australia, Canada, Mexico, the UK and the US completed an online survey in November-December 2020 as part of the International Food Policy Study, an annual repeat cross-sectional survey. Survey measures assessed perceived impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating food prepared away from home, having food delivered from a restaurant, and buying groceries online, as well as perceived food security and overall diet healthfulness. Regression models examined associations between each outcome and sociodemographic correlates. Results Across all countries, 62% of respondents reported eating less food prepared away from home due to the pandemic, while 11% reported eating more. Some participants reported having less food delivered from a restaurant (35%) and buying fewer groceries online (17%), while other respondents reported more of each (19% and 25% respectively). An average of 39% reported impacts on their food security, and 27% reported healthful changes to their overall diet. The largest changes for all outcomes were observed in Mexico. Participants who were younger, ethnic minorities, or had lower income adequacy tended to be more likely to report food-related changes in either direction; however, these relationships were often less pronounced among respondents in Mexico. Conclusions Respondents reported important changes in how they sourced their food during the pandemic, with trends suggesting shifts towards less food prepared away from home and more healthful diets overall. However, changes in diet and food behaviours occurred in both healthful and less healthful directions, suggesting that dietary responses to the pandemic were highly variable.