Increasing atmospheric helium due to fossil fuel exploitation

Increasing atmospheric helium due to fossil fuel exploitation
复制标题

由于化石燃料的开采,大气中的氦气不断增加

DOI:
10.1038/s41561-022-00932-3
复制
发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
18.3
通讯作者:
Keeling, Ralph F.
Keeling, Ralph F.
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Birner, Benjamin;Severinghaus, Jeffrey;Paplawsky, Bill;Keeling, Ralph F.

文献摘要

参考文献

被引文献

相似文献

化石燃料含有少量的氦,这些氦与二氧化碳一起被释放到大气中。然而,大气中氦的明显积聚以前从未被探测到。使用高精度质谱技术来确定大气中氦-4与氮的比例,我们发现氦-4浓度在过去五十年中显着增加。直接测量大气中氦-4的上升是可能的,因为氮的变化可以忽略不计。使用1974年至2020年期间获得的46个空气样本,我们发现氦-4浓度以每年390亿± 30亿摩尔(2σ)的平均速率增加。鉴于之前的观测表明,大气中氦-3和氦-4之间的比例保持不变,我们的结果也意味着氦-3的浓度正在增加。大气中氦-3的推断上升大大超过了天然气、核武器和核能发电的人为排放估计,表明以前的同位素测量可能存在问题,或者对已知来源的评估不正确。
Fossil fuels contain small amounts of helium, which are co-released into the atmosphere together with carbon dioxide. However, a clear build-up of helium in the atmosphere has not previously been detected. Using a high-precision mass spectrometry technique to determine the atmospheric ratio of helium-4 to nitrogen, we show that helium-4 concentrations have increased significantly over the past five decades. Obtaining a direct measure of the rise in atmospheric helium-4 is possible because changes in nitrogen are negligible. Using 46 air samples acquired between 1974 and 2020, we find that the helium-4 concentration increased at an average rate of 39 ± 3 billion mol per year (2σ). Given that previous observations have shown that the ratio between helium-3 and helium-4 in the atmosphere has remained constant, our results also imply that the concentration of helium-3 is increasing. The inferred rise in atmospheric helium-3 greatly exceeds estimates of anthropogenic emissions from natural gas, nuclear weapons and nuclear power generation, suggesting potential problems with previous isotope measurements or an incorrect assessment of known sources.
DOI: 10.1002/2013gl057681
发表时间: 2013
影响因子: 5.2
作者:
J. Lupton;L. Evans
通讯作者: L. Evans
旧瓷器中的氦:空气中氦同位素组成的历史变化
DOI: --
发表时间: 2010
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
J. Matsuda;Takuya Matsumoto;Akihisa Suzuki
通讯作者: Akihisa Suzuki
DOI: 10.1103/physrev.74.1590
发表时间: 1948-12
期刊: Physical Review
影响因子: --
作者:
L. T. Aldrich;A. Nier
通讯作者: L. T. Aldrich;A. Nier
1978-2011 年地球大气中氦气和其他稀有气体的浓度和同位素比
DOI: --
发表时间: 2012
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
M. Brennwald;N. Vogel;S. Figura;M. Vollmer;R. Langenfelds;L. Steele;C. Maden;R. Kipfer
通讯作者: R. Kipfer
不锈钢容器中记录的1910年至2016年大气氦同位素比
DOI: 10.7185/geochemlet.1804
发表时间: 2018
影响因子: 5.2
作者:
Christine Boucher;B. Marty;L. Zimmermann;R. Langenfelds
通讯作者: R. Langenfelds