Conformal heat energy harvester on Steam4 pipelines for powering IoT sensors
Conformal heat energy harvester on Steam4 pipelines for powering IoT sensors
复制标题
Steam4 管道上的共形热能收集器为物联网传感器供电
DOI：
10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114487
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Lu, Na
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yazawa, Kazuaki;Feng, Yining;Lu, Na
本文讨论了一种新的共形热电发电机（cTEG）的设计和分析，该发电机可用于为物联网（IoT）无线传感器供电，用于连续监测蒸汽管道的运行和维护。这种保形装置被设计成直接连接到圆柱形蒸汽管道上，因此具有弯曲对准管道曲率（保形）的机械灵活性，并在200°C或左右输送过热蒸汽。缺乏对地下管道的持续监测导致了大量的金钱、时间和资源损失。这主要是由于读取数据或更换电池的访问受限。这个问题可以使用cTEG来解决，cTEG可以直接将浪费的热量从管道转化为电力，为物联网传感器持续供电。cTEG可以由经典的块状碲化铋（Bi2Te3）制成，用于烧结TEG支腿。在分析中，预计腿的材料性能是恒定的，与温度无关，室温下的优点系数接近1.0。采用卡普顿薄膜作为衬底，以PDMS填充间隙，实现低成本、高性能的卷对卷热电模块。利用解析模型对电热装置进行了优化。系统的可用热流由设备设计和冷热侧换热决定。因此，这些传热限制了每个器件的功率输出。通过增加翅片的表面积，可以增强适度的被动空气对流，从而提高功率输出。这项工作特别侧重于模块设计的优化，而厚度受到保持管道表面机械一致性的要求的限制。研究了不同工况（蒸汽温度、流量、管径）和设计参数（填充系数和支腿长度）。此外，该方法可应用于具有此类尺寸限制的其他TEG设计。在填充系数为20%的情况下，每个器件占地面积的功率输出上限为19.5 W/m2，其中cTEG在几厘米厚的情况下可以达到35 W/m2的最佳值。对制造cTEG的材料成本进行了估计，并发现其更接近于第一组原电池的可比范围。本文提出的新型建模方法也可应用于其他与能源相关的领域，如地热、深海监测领域，在这些领域热电协同优化至关重要。
This paper discusses a novel design and analysis of a conformal thermoelectric generator (cTEG), which can be used for powering the internet-of-things (IoT) wireless sensors for continuous monitoring of steam pipelines operation and maintenance. This conformal device is designed to be directly attached to a cylindrical steam pipe, therefore has a mechanical flexibility to bending align to the pipe curvature (conformality), and which transports superheated steam at 200 °C or around. Lack of continuous monitoring of underground pipelines have resulted in a significant loss of money, time, and resources. This primarily is due to limited access for reading data or replacing batteries. This issue can be addressed using cTEG which can directly convert wasted heat from pipeline to electricity for continuous powering of IoT sensors. The cTEG can be made from a classical bulk bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) for sintered TEG legs. In the analysis, the material properties of the legs are expected be constant and independent to the temperature where the figure-of-merit is near 1.0 at room temperature. A roll-to-roll thermoelectric module is considered by using Kapton film as the substrates with PDMS for filling the gap to achieving low cost and high performance. The electro-thermal device optimization was conducted by using analytical model. Available heat flow in the system is determined by the device design and the hot and cold side heat exchange. Hence these heat transfer limit the power output per device footprint. The moderate passive air convection can be enhanced by extending surface areas by fins to improve the power output. This work particularly focused on the optimization of the module design while the thickness is limited by the requirement of maintaining the mechanical conformability to a pipe surface. Variational conditions (steam temperature, flow rate, pipe diameter) and design parameters (fill factor and leg length) were investigated. In addition, this approach can be applied to other TEG designs with such dimension limitations. The upper limit of power output per device footprint is found at 19.5 W/m2with fill factor of 20%, where cTEG could achieve to 35 W/m2at the optimum with few centimeters thickness. The material cost to manufacture the cTEG was estimated and was found to be closer to a comparable range of the first set of primary batteries. The novel modeling method presented here can also be applied to other energy-related fields, such as geothermal, deep sea monitoring field in which heat and electricity co-optimization is of vital importance.
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Witting, Ian T.;Chasapis, Thomas C.;Snyder, G. Jeffrey
通讯作者：
Snyder, G. Jeffrey
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Benford, DJ;Powers, TJ;Moseley, SH
通讯作者：
Moseley, SH
薄膜层压热电发电机设计的分析优化
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Y. Koh;K. Yazawa;A. Shakouri;Takuma Nagahama;S. Maeda;Tadayuki Isaji;Y. Kasai
通讯作者：
Y. Kasai