Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Key Genes and Pathways Activated in Response to Fat Deposition in Two Sheep Breeds With Distinct Tail Phenotype.
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Key Genes and Pathways Activated in Response to Fat Deposition in Two Sheep Breeds With Distinct Tail Phenotype.
复制标题
对脂肪沉积响应于具有不同尾部表型的两种绵羊品种的脂肪沉积而激活的关键基因和途径的比较转录组分析。
DOI：
10.3389/fgene.2021.639030
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Gan S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang W;Xu M;Wang J;Wang S;Wang X;Yang J;Gao L;Gan S
绵羊的肥尾是一种宝贵的能量储备，历史上有助于适应恶劣的环境。然而，在现代集约型和半集约型养羊业体系中，尾巴较瘦的品种更受欢迎。本研究应用RNA测序技术，对我国两个极肥尾表型差异较大的绵羊品种阿勒泰羊和细尾寒羊的尾部脂肪组织转录组进行了分析。然后进一步分析差异表达基因(Deg)及其序列变异。共检测到21,527个基因，其中3,965个基因在两个绵羊品种的尾部脂肪组织中表现出显著差异(P<；0.05)，其中707个基因表达上调，3,258个基因表达下调。基因本体论(GO)分析表明，198个deg与脂肪代谢有关。在京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)的途径分析中，大多数DEG显著富含“脂肪细胞因子信号”、“PPAR信号”和“代谢途径”(P<；0.05)；此外，一些基因参与了多条途径。在198个基因中，有22个基因在阿勒泰绵羊尾部脂肪组织中显著上调或下调，表明这些基因可能与阿勒泰绵羊的肥尾性状密切相关。在阿勒泰绵羊和XFW绵羊尾部脂肪组织的转录数据中分别检测到41724个和42193个SNPs。进一步研究了22个候选基因编码区的7个SNPs在3个尾部表型不同的绵羊品种群体中的分布。尤其是ABCA1基因的g.18167532T/C(Oar_v3.1)突变和溶质携带者家族27成员2(SLC27A2)基因的g.57036072G/T(Oar_v3.1)突变表现出明显不同的分布，且与尾部表型密切相关(P<；0.05)。本研究提供了解释肥尾绵羊和细尾绵羊品种差异的转录证据，并揭示了大量与尾巴表型相关的deg和SNP。本研究结果为小尾寒羊品种的选择提供了有价值的理论依据。
Fat tail in sheep presents a valuable energy reserve that has historically facilitated adaptation to harsh environments. However, in modern intensive and semi-intensive sheep industry systems, breeds with leaner tails are more desirable. In the present study, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was applied to determine the transcriptome profiles of tail fat tissues in two Chinese sheep breeds, fat-rumped Altay sheep and thin-tailed Xinjiang fine wool (XFW) sheep, with extreme fat tail phenotype difference. Then the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their sequence variations were further analyzed. In total, 21,527 genes were detected, among which 3,965 displayed significant expression variations in tail fat tissues of the two sheep breeds (P < 0.05), including 707 upregulated and 3,258 downregulated genes. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis disclosed that 198 DEGs were related to fat metabolism. In Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, the majority of DEGs were significantly enriched in “adipocytokine signaling,” “PPAR signaling,” and “metabolic pathways” (P < 0.05); moreover, some genes were involved in multiple pathways. Among the 198 DEGs, 22 genes were markedly up- or downregulated in tail fat tissue of Altay sheep, indicating that these genes might be closely related to the fat tail trait of this breed. A total of 41,724 and 42,193 SNPs were detected in the transcriptomic data of tail fat tissues obtained from Altay and XFW sheep, respectively. The distribution of seven SNPs in the coding regions of the 22 candidate genes was further investigated in populations of three sheep breeds with distinct tail phenotypes. In particular, the g.18167532T/C (Oar_v3.1) mutation of the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) gene and g.57036072G/T (Oar_v3.1) mutation of the solute carrier family 27 member 2 (SLC27A2) gene showed significantly different distributions and were closely associated with tail phenotype (P < 0.05). The present study provides transcriptomic evidence explaining the differences in fat- and thin-tailed sheep breeds and reveals numerous DEGs and SNPs associated with tail phenotype. Our data provide a valuable theoretical basis for selection of lean-tailed sheep breeds.