Historical Background of Bone Conduction Hearing Devices and Bone Conduction Hearing Aids
Historical Background of Bone Conduction Hearing Devices and Bone Conduction Hearing Aids
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DOI：
10.1159/000323569
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tjellstrom, Anders
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mudry, Albert;Tjellstrom, Anders
在过去的20年里，骨锚式助听器（Baha（R））成为治疗某些类型听力损失的常见解决方案。本章的目的是介绍允许生产这种新型骨导听力设备的不同历史步骤。骨传导听力的认识是古老的，至少在古代是已知的。在文艺复兴时期，吉罗拉莫·卡尔达诺（Girolamo Cardano）展示了一种方法，通过这种方法，声音可以通过牙齿之间的杆或矛的轴传递到耳朵：这是牙齿刺激器改善听力的开始，首先与乐器有关，然后在世纪的第二部分，与扬声器有关。世纪初碳传声器的发展允许将骨传导振动器放置在乳突区域上，特别是自20世纪50年代以来由眼镜支撑。面对各种各样的问题，特别是外乳突软组织中部分声音的损失，在哥德堡开发了将振动器植入乳突骨的想法，第一个巴哈是由Anders Tuberstrom于1977年植入的。从那时起，各种改进允许实际巴哈的发展。这些不同的步骤在本研究中提出，并得到原始文件的支持。版权所有（C）2011 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
During the last 20 years, bone-anchored hearing aids (Baha (R)) became a familiar solution in the treatment of some types of hearing loss. The aim of this chapter is to present the different historical steps which have permitted the production of this new bone conduction hearing device. The recognition of bone conduction hearing is old and was known at least in Antiquity. During the Renaissance, Girolamo Cardano demonstrated a method by which sound may be transmitted to the ear by means of a rod or the shaft of a spear held between one's teeth: this was the beginning of teeth stimulators to improve hearing, firstly in connection with a musical instrument and then, in the second part of the 19th century, with the speaker. The development of the carbon microphone at the beginning of the 20th century allowed the construction of the bone conduction vibrator placed on the mastoid area, notably supported by eyeglasses since the 1950s. Confronted by various problems, and notably the loss of part of sound in the soft tissue of the external mastoid, the idea to implant the vibrator into the mastoid bone was developed in Goteborg, and the first Baha was implanted in 1977 by Anders Tjellstrom. From that date, various improvements allowed the development of the actual Baha. These different steps are presented in this study, supported by original documentation. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel