Spatiotemporal Filter for Visual Motion Integration from Pursuit Eye Movements in Humans and Monkeys
Spatiotemporal Filter for Visual Motion Integration from Pursuit Eye Movements in Humans and Monkeys
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.2682-16.2016
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发表时间：
2017-02-08
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Osborne, Leslie C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mukherjee, Trishna;Liu, Bing;Osborne, Leslie C.
尽管人们对运动整合一直很感兴趣，但大脑对视觉场景施加的时空过滤器的直接测量一直是难以捉摸的。这可能是因为在心理物理任务中从感知报告估计3D功能的挑战。我们采取不同的方法。我们利用视觉运动估计和平滑追踪眼球运动之间的密切联系来测量空间和时间上的刺激-响应相关性，计算人类和猴子全局运动方向的线性时空滤波器。虽然来自眼球运动，我们发现，过滤器预测感知运动估计相当不错。为了区分视觉和运动对追踪运动滤波器持续时间的贡献，我们记录了猴子中颞叶皮层区（MT）的单单位反应。我们发现，追求响应延迟是一致的皮层神经元的分布lavelet和时间运动整合追求是一致的短集成MT亚群。值得注意的是，视觉系统似乎优先加权运动信号在一个狭窄的范围内的中央凹偏心率，而不是均匀地在整个视野，与一个短暂的增强的贡献，从位置沿着运动的方向。我们发现，视觉系统是最敏感的运动落在约三分之一的刺激孔径的半径。假设追求的视觉驱动与运动刺激中的过滤运动能量有关，我们比较了其他几种目标形式的测量和预测的眼睛加速度。
Despite the enduring interest in motion integration, a direct measure of the space-time filter that the brain imposes on a visual scene has been elusive. This is perhaps because of the challenge of estimating a 3D function from perceptual reports in psychophysical tasks. We take a different approach. We exploit the close connection between visual motion estimates and smooth pursuit eye movements to measure stimulus-response correlations across space and time, computing the linear space-time filter for global motion direction in humans and monkeys. Although derived from eye movements, we find that the filter predicts perceptual motion estimates quite well. To distinguish visual from motor contributions to the temporal duration of the pursuit motion filter, we recorded single-unit responses in the monkey middle temporal cortical area (MT). We find that pursuit response delays are consistent with the distribution of cortical neuron latencies and that temporal motion integration for pursuit is consistent with a short integration MT subpopulation. Remarkably, the visual system appears to preferentially weight motion signals across a narrow range of foveal eccentricities rather than uniformly over the whole visual field, with a transiently enhanced contribution from locations along the direction of motion. We find that the visual system is most sensitive to motion falling at approximately one-third the radius of the stimulus aperture. Hypothesizing that the visual drive for pursuit is related to the filtered motion energy in a motion stimulus, we compare measured and predicted eye acceleration across several other target forms.